The activity of mammal jaw elevator muscles during chewing has often been described using the concept of the triplet motor pattern, in which triplet I (balancing side superficial masseter and medial pterygoid; working side posterior temporalis) is consistently activated before triplet II (working side superficial masseter and medial pterygoid; balancing side posterior temporalis), and each triplet of muscles is recruited and modulated as a unit. Here, new measures of unison, synchrony, and coordination are used to determine whether in 5 primate species (Propithecus verreauxi, Eulemur fulvus, Papio anubis, Macaca fuscata,and Pan troglodytes)muscles in the same triplet are active more in unison, are more synchronized, and are more highly coordinated than muscles in different triplets. Results show that triplet I muscle pairs are active more in unison than other muscle pairs in Eulemur, Macaca, and Papio,buttriplet muscle pairs are mostly not more tightly synchronized than non-triplet pairs. Triplet muscles are more coordinated during triplet pattern cycles than non-triplet cycles, while non-triplet muscle pairs are more coordinated during non-triplet cycles than triplet cycles. These results suggest that the central nervous system alters patterns of coordination between cycles, recruiting triplet muscles as a coordinated unit during triplet cycles but employing a different pattern of muscle coordination during non-triplet cycles. The triplet motor pattern may simplify modulation of rhythmic mastication by being one possible unit of coordination that can be recruited on a cycle-to-cycle basis.
Brain Behav Evol 2020;95:1–14

中文翻译：

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灵长类动物节律性咀嚼过程中的下颌电梯肌肉协调：运动控制的三重态单位吗？

经常使用三联体运动模式的概念来描述咀嚼过程中哺乳动物下颌提升肌的活动，其中三联体I（平衡侧浅口咬肌和翼状ery骨；颞侧后颞叶）在三联体II（工作侧浅表肌）之前始终被激活。咬肌和内侧翼状media肉；平衡颞侧后方），并且将每个三重肌作为一个单元进行募集和调节。在这里，统一，同步和协调的新措施用于确定是否在5种灵长类动物中（Propithecus verreauxi，Eulemur fulvus，Papio anubis，Macaca fuscata和Pan troglodytes）与三联体中的肌肉相比，同一个三联体中的肌肉更活跃，更同步，更协调。结果显示，三联体I肌肉对的协同作用比欧拉穆尔， 猕猴和帕皮奥的其他肌肉对更活跃，但是三联体肌肉对的同步大多不如非三联体对。在三联体模式周期中，三联体肌肉比非三联体周期更协调，而在非三联体周期中，非三联体肌肉对比三联体周期更协调。这些结果表明，中枢神经系统改变了周期之间的协调模式，在三联体周期中募集了三联体肌肉作为协调单元，但在非三联体周期中采用了不同的肌肉协调模式。三联体运动模式是一种可能的协调单位，可以在逐周期的基础上募集，可以简化节律性咀嚼的调制。
脑行为进化论2020; 95：1-14