Nowadays, viral nanoparticles (VNPs) have attracted a lot of attention, although some are concerned that VNPs may reflect on viral entry of virus into animal or plant cells. In the present study, it aimed to investigate the pathogenesis of VNPs formed by Herceptin (Trastuzumab) and the viral nanoparticles derived from the filamentous plant virus Potato Virus X (PVX-HER) in host plant. Flow cytometry was used to evaluate the toxicity of plant virus alone (free-PVX) in two HER2+ cancer cells and normal cells. Furthermore, the pathogenesis of PVX-HER was tested by ELISA, Western blot, and RT-PCR. The results indicated that PVX-HER failed to cause disease in the host plant. Furthermore, cancer and normal cell lines could evade the apoptosis and necrosis by the free viral nanoparticles (free-PVX). This study suggests that the problem of toxicity considered as a challenging factor in most nanoparticles was not observed in this plant virus nanoparticle. Finally, the safety of the environment was confirmed. The present research is the first study which focused on VNPs based on safety perspective that can be used for drug delivery carriers.

中文翻译：

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马铃薯病毒X /赫赛汀纳米颗粒作为癌症治疗剂的毒性和致病性风险研究

如今，病毒纳米颗粒（VNP）引起了很多关注，尽管有些人担心VNP可能会反映病毒的病毒进入动物或植物细胞。在本研究中，其目的是研究由赫赛汀（曲妥珠单抗）形成的VNPs以及宿主植物中来源于丝状植物病毒马铃薯病毒X（PVX-HER）的病毒纳米颗粒的发病机理。流式细胞仪用于评估单独的植物病毒（游离PVX）在两个HER2 +癌细胞和正常细胞中的毒性。此外，通过ELISA，蛋白质印迹和RT-PCR测试了PVX-HER的发病机理。结果表明PVX-HER未能在宿主植物中引起疾病​​。此外，癌细胞和正常细胞系可通过游离病毒纳米颗粒（free-PVX）逃避凋亡和坏死。这项研究表明，在这种植物病毒纳米颗粒中未观察到大多数纳米颗粒中具有挑战性的毒性问题。最后，确定了环境安全性。本研究是基于安全性观点可用于药物递送载体的针对VNP的第一项研究。