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Understorey phylogenetic diversity in thermophilous deciduous forests: overstorey species identity can matter more than species richness
Forest Ecosystems ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-19 , DOI: 10.1186/s40663-019-0191-1
Andrea Coppi , Lorenzo Lazzaro , Evy Ampoorter , Lander Baeten , Kris Verheyen , Federico Selvi

Understorey vegetation is a key biodiversity component of forest ecosystems. Previous studies examined its relations with the overstorey mainly in terms of taxonomic diversity, composition or productivity. So far, none focused on the phylogenetic aspect, which represents the deepest component of diversity in a community. Here, we explored the relations between overstorey species richness and identity and the phylogenetic structure of the understorey vegetation. As a model system we used a network of 36 plots in thermophilous deciduous forests of central Italy that are part of a European project on forest biodiversity and functions. The plots, characterized by similar site conditions, represent a gradient of overstorey richness from 1 to 4-species mixtures, with variable composition. After surveying the understorey in each plot, measures of phylogenetic diversity and structure (Phylogenetic Diversity, PD; Net Relatedness Index, NRI; and Nearest Taxon Index, NTI) were calculated from a fully resolved seed-plant phylogeny obtained from a ITS-5.8S nrDNA dataset including original sequences from local plant material. The resulting understorey phylogenetic tree allowed reliable estimation of PD, NRTI and NTI. Phylogenetic diversity was dependent on species richness and the strength of this relationship did not change along the gradient of overstorey tree species richness. Net Relatedness and Nearest Taxon indices were both mostly positive but non-significant, indicating random phylogenetic structure of the understorey. The presence of Quercus petraea, usually found in more favorable site conditions, was associated with a significant phylogenetic clustering at the species level. Overstorey species richness was not related to understorey phylogenetic structure, while species identity (Q. petraea) was associated with an increase in evolutionary relatedness in this forest layer, possibly due to competitive exclusion in favorable site conditions. Further studies should examine whether and how understory phylogenetic structure is affected by variables such as small scale variations in site conditions and presence of a shrub layer, both present but not accounted for in our model system. A better understanding of the role of these variables and their interaction may contribute to fill the current gap between the theoretical field of phylogenetic ecology and forest management.

中文翻译:

高温落叶林的林下系统发育多样性:层以上物种身份比物种丰富度更重要

底层植被是森林生态系统的关键生物多样性组成部分。先前的研究主要从分类学多样性,组成或生产力方面研究了其与高层建筑的关系。到目前为止,还没有人关注系统发育方面,它代表了社区多样性的最深层组成部分。在这里,我们探讨了地上植被的丰富度和同一性与下层植被的系统发育结构之间的关系。作为模型系统,我们使用了意大利中部嗜热落叶林中36个样地的网络,这是欧洲关于森林生物多样性和功能项目的一部分。以相似的场地条件为特征的地块代表了从1种到4种混合物的层高丰富度的梯度,其组成各不相同。在调查了每个地块的地下层之后,通过从ITS-5.8S nrDNA数据集(包括本地植物的原始序列)获得的完全解析的种子植物系统发育中计算出系统发育多样性和结构的指标(系统发育多样性,PD;净相关性指数,NRI;最近分类指数,NTI)。材料。形成的下层系统发育树可以可靠地估算PD,NRTI和NTI。系统发育多样性取决于物种的丰富度,并且这种关系的强度不会随着超高树种物种丰富度的梯度而变化。净相关性和最近分类指数均大部分为正,但无显着性,表明该底层的随机系统发育结构。栎皮的存在,通常在更有利的地点条件下发现,在物种水平上与显着的系统发生群集有关。过高的物种丰富度与低层的系统发育结构无关,而物种身份(Q. petraea)则与该森林层的进化相关性增加有关,这可能是由于有利的立地条件下的竞争排斥所致。进一步的研究应该检查下层系统发育结构是否以及如何受到变量的影响,例如场地条件的小规模变化和灌木层的存在,这两种变量在我们的模型系统中都存在但未得到解释。更好地了解这些变量的作用及其相互作用可能有助于填补系统发育生态学理论领域与森林经营之间的空白。过高的物种丰富度与低层的系统发育结构无关,而物种身份(Q. petraea)则与该森林层的进化相关性增加有关,这可能是由于有利的立地条件下的竞争排斥所致。进一步的研究应该检查下层系统发育结构是否以及如何受到变量的影响,例如场地条件的小规模变化和灌木层的存在,这两种变量在我们的模型系统中都存在但未得到解释。更好地了解这些变量的作用及其相互作用可能有助于填补系统发育生态学理论领域与森林经营之间的空白。过高的物种丰富度与低层的系统发育结构无关,而物种身份(Q. petraea)则与该森林层的进化相关性增加有关,这可能是由于有利的立地条件下的竞争排斥所致。进一步的研究应该检查下层系统发育结构是否以及如何受到变量的影响,例如场地条件的小规模变化和灌木层的存在,这两种变量在我们的模型系统中都存在但未得到解释。更好地了解这些变量的作用及其相互作用可能有助于填补系统发育生态学理论领域与森林经营之间的空白。可能是由于在有利的场地条件下竞争性排斥。进一步的研究应该检查下层系统发育结构是否以及如何受到变量的影响,例如场地条件的小规模变化和灌木层的存在,这两种变量在我们的模型系统中都存在但未得到解释。更好地了解这些变量的作用及其相互作用可能有助于填补系统发育生态学理论领域与森林经营之间的空白。可能是由于在有利的场地条件下竞争性排斥。进一步的研究应该检查下层系统发育结构是否以及如何受到变量的影响,例如场地条件的小规模变化和灌木层的存在,这两种变量在我们的模型系统中都存在但未得到解释。更好地了解这些变量的作用及其相互作用可能有助于填补系统发育生态学理论领域与森林经营之间的空白。
更新日期:2020-04-23
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