The possibility of orange pulp utilization for nanoporous carbons production was investigated. Moreover, processing the obtained materials as limonene oxidation catalysts was studied as well. Limonene was separated from orange pulp obtained from fragmented orange peels—the waste from industrial fruits processing—by means of simple distillation. After the separation of limonene from the biomass, the dried orange pulp was converted to three types of nanoporous carbon catalysts: without activating agent, with NaOH, and with KOH. The catalysts were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX, AFM, and sorption of N₂ methods. The activities of the obtained catalysts were tested in the oxidation of limonene to perillyl alcohol (the main product), carveol, carvone, and 1,2-epoxylimonene and its diol. In the oxidation processes, hydrogen peroxide was used as the oxidizing agent. This work has shown for the first time that nanoporous carbons obtained from orange pulp waste, after separation of limonene, are active catalysts for limonene oxidation to industrially important value-added products.

中文翻译：

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橙浆中的柠檬烯氧化用碳质催化剂

研究了将橙浆用于纳米孔碳生产的可能性。此外，还研究了将得到的材料用作柠檬烯氧化催化剂的工艺。通过简单的蒸馏，将柠檬烯与碎片状橙皮（工业水果加工产生的废料）获得的橙浆分离。从生物质中分离出柠檬烯后，将干燥的橙色纸浆转化为三种类型的纳米孔碳催化剂：不使用活化剂，使用NaOH和使用KOH。通过XRD，SEM，EDX，AFM和N ₂吸附对催化剂进行了表征。方法。在柠檬烯氧化为紫苏醇（主要产物），香芹酚，香芹酮和1，2-环氧柠檬烯及其二醇中，测试了所获得的催化剂的活性。在氧化过程中，使用过氧化氢作为氧化剂。这项工作首次表明，从橙纸浆废料中分离出柠檬烯后，得到的纳米孔碳是将柠檬烯氧化为工业上重要的增值产品的活性催化剂。