Water-based ink formulations containing wax, surfactant, and defoamer additives were prepared and printed on polyethylene film substrates. Standard test methods for adhesion, rub resistance, and gloss were done on the printed polyethylene films. Quantitative methods for the assessment and evaluation of the three print properties were developed. Image analyses were done to quantify adhesion and rub resistance. Quantitative measurement was done to quantify gloss. Data were analyzed using mixture design modelling and optimization. Modelling results show that adhesion and gloss are described by special cubic model equations, while rub resistance is described by a linear model equation. Contour plots and 3D surface graphs were generated showing the response surfaces of the print properties. The effects of varying the mass fractions of wax, surfactant, and defoamer on adhesion, rub resistance, and gloss were determined. It was found that increasing wax increases rub resistance, while increasing surfactant increases gloss, and increasing defoamer increases adhesion. There is dependency found between the mass fraction of wax, surfactant and defoamer with respect to the rub resistance, adhesion and gloss. Multi-objective optimization revealed that optimum adhesion, rub resistance, and gloss is obtained by a formulation containing equal mass fractions of wax and surfactant but no defoamer.

中文翻译：

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聚乙烯薄膜水性印刷油墨配方的分析与优化

制备包含蜡，表面活性剂和消泡剂添加剂的水基油墨配方，并将其印刷在聚乙烯薄膜基材上。在印刷的聚乙烯薄膜上进行了附着力，耐擦性和光泽度的标准测试方法。开发了用于评估和评估三种印刷性能的定量方法。进行图像分析以量化粘附性和耐擦性。进行定量测量以定量光泽度。使用混合设计建模和优化来分析数据。建模结果表明，附着力和光泽度由特殊的立方模型方程式描述，而耐摩擦性由线性模型方程式描述。生成等高线图和3D表面图，显示打印属性的响应表面。改变蜡，表面活性剂，测定消泡剂的粘合性，耐擦性和光泽。发现增加的蜡增加了耐摩擦性，而增加的表面活性剂增加了光泽，并且增加的消泡剂增加了附着力。蜡，表面活性剂和消泡剂的质量分数之间在耐磨性，附着力和光泽方面存在依赖性。多目标优化表明，通过包含相等质量分数的蜡和表面活性剂但没有消泡剂的配方，可以获得最佳的附着力，耐摩擦性和光泽度。表面活性剂和消泡剂的耐磨性，附着力和光泽度。多目标优化表明，通过包含相等质量分数的蜡和表面活性剂但没有消泡剂的配方，可以获得最佳的附着力，耐摩擦性和光泽度。表面活性剂和消泡剂的耐磨性，附着力和光泽度。多目标优化表明，通过包含相等质量分数的蜡和表面活性剂但没有消泡剂的配方，可以获得最佳的附着力，耐摩擦性和光泽度。