Rhipicephalus sanguineus is a canine tick that infests dogs throughout the world and is frequently found in homes and dog kennels. Management of this tick species is complicated by the presence of resistance to commonly utilized acaricides. Fungal formulations could provide a valuable alternative tool for management and are especially relevant indoors where detrimental environmental effects on fungal spores are of less concern. Two commercially available fungal formulations, one containing Metarhizium anisopliae and the other containing Beauveria bassiana, were compared for time to death and sporulation in nymphal ticks exposed for 60 min in treated filter paper packets. Beauveria bassiana exposure killed ticks faster than M. anisopliae exposure and B. bassiana was more likely to sporulate on tick cadavers than M. anisopliae. To determine whether infected ticks could disseminate fungus to their conspecifics, ticks were marked and treated with fungus before being placed with untreated ticks. Fungus was successfully transmitted from treated to untreated ticks. Mortality of ticks exposed to B. bassiana-exposed conspecifics occurred sooner than for those exposed to M. anisopliae-exposed conspecifics, indicating faster dissemination in the former. Therefore, although both formulations resulted in decreased longevity of ticks compared with the controls, the B. bassiana formulation holds the most promise for direct or indirect application with respect to brown dog tick management.

中文翻译：

---

用于管理棕色狗蜱 Rhipicephalus sanguineus 的实验室检测中商业可用真菌病原体的自动传播。

Rhipicephalus sanguineus 是一种犬蜱，在世界各地感染狗，并且经常在家庭和狗窝中发现。由于对常用杀螨剂存在耐药性，这种蜱种的管理变得复杂。真菌制剂可以为管理提供一种有价值的替代工具，并且在对真菌孢子的有害环境影响不太关注的室内尤其相关。比较了两种市售真菌制剂，一种含有绿僵菌，另一种含有白僵菌，在处理过的滤纸包中暴露 60 分钟的若虫蜱中的死亡时间和孢子形成。Beauveria bassiana 暴露比 M. anisopliae 更快地杀死蜱，并且 B. bassiana 比 M. anisopliae 更可能在蜱尸体上形成孢子。为了确定受感染的蜱是否可以将真菌传播给它们的同类，在与未经处理的蜱放置之前，用真菌标记和处理蜱。真菌成功地从经过处理的蜱传播到未经处理的蜱。暴露于 B. bassiana 暴露同种的蜱的死亡率比暴露于 M. anisopliae 暴露同种的蜱的死亡率发生得更快，表明前者的传播速度更快。因此，尽管与对照相比，两种配方都导致蜱的寿命降低，但 B. bassiana 配方最有希望直接或间接应用于棕色狗蜱管理。真菌成功地从经过处理的蜱传播到未经处理的蜱。暴露于 B. bassiana 暴露同种的蜱的死亡率比暴露于 M. anisopliae 暴露同种的蜱的死亡率发生得更快，表明前者的传播速度更快。因此，尽管与对照相比，两种配方都导致蜱的寿命降低，但 B. bassiana 配方最有希望直接或间接应用于棕色狗蜱管理。真菌成功地从经过处理的蜱传播到未经处理的蜱。暴露于 B. bassiana 暴露同种的蜱的死亡率比暴露于 M. anisopliae 暴露同种的蜱的死亡率发生得更快，表明前者的传播速度更快。因此，尽管与对照相比，两种配方都导致蜱的寿命降低，但 B. bassiana 配方最有希望直接或间接应用于棕色狗蜱管理。