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Behavioral and neuronal interactions between exercise and alcohol: Sex and genetic differences.
Genes, Brain and Behavior ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-17 , DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12632
Winona C Booher 1, 2 , Guillermo J Reyes Martínez 1, 2 , Marissa A Ehringer 1, 2
Affiliation  

Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) lead to early death and many devastating consequences for individuals, families and society. Currently, few effective treatments are available, but emerging research suggests exercise might be beneficial in some individuals. To develop the most effective exercise treatment program, more research on intensity, type, timing, stage of addiction, drug involved, sex of subject and subject population is needed. This review highlights the complexity of the interaction between alcohol behaviors and exercise, with a focus on the role of sex and genetics. Moreover, we describe a variety of rodent models used to investigate the neuronal physiology changes that underlie alcohol consumption and exercise. Specifically, current data indicate that moderate exercise may ameliorate neuronal damage caused by alcohol consumption. Additionally, we describe studies of rodent models in the context of hedonic substitution to draw broad conclusions about shared underlying neurobiological mechanisms. Until recently, most studies in rodents were performed only in males, and few studies have utilized different genetic strains of mice or rats. Comparing similar behavioral paradigms across sex and strain, it has become clear that major sex and genetic differences exist for each behavioral context alone (alcohol consumption and exercise) and combined. Therefore, future research in this area should be developed with careful study design and attention to address both of these factors.

中文翻译:

运动与酒精之间的行为和神经元相互作用:性别和遗传差异。

饮酒障碍(AUDs)会导致早期死亡,并对个人,家庭和社会造成许多破坏性后果。当前,几乎没有有效的治疗方法,但是新兴研究表明,运动可能对某些人有益。为了制定最有效的运动治疗方案,需要对强度,类型,时间,成瘾阶段,所涉药物,受试者性别和受试者人群进行更多研究。这篇评论强调了酒精行为与运动之间相互作用的复杂性,重点是性别和遗传学的作用。此外,我们描述了多种啮齿动物模型,这些模型用于研究酒精摄入和运动背后的神经元生理变化。具体而言,目前的数据表明,适度运动可能会减轻饮酒引起的神经元损害。另外,我们在享乐替代的背景下描述了啮齿动物模型的研究,以得出有关共有的潜在神经生物学机制的广泛结论。直到最近,大多数在啮齿动物中的研究仅在雄性中进行,很少有研究利用小鼠或大鼠的不同遗传株。比较跨性别和不同品系的相似行为范式,很明显,仅每种行为情境(饮酒和锻炼)并结合在一起,就存在主要的性别和遗传差异。因此,应在仔细研究设计和关注这两个因素的基础上发展该领域的未来研究。啮齿动物的大多数研究仅在雄性中进行,很少有研究利用小鼠或大鼠的不同遗传株。比较跨性别和不同品系的相似行为范式,很明显,仅每种行为情境(饮酒和锻炼)并结合在一起,就存在主要的性别和遗传差异。因此,应在仔细研究设计和关注这两个因素的基础上发展该领域的未来研究。啮齿动物的大多数研究仅在雄性中进行,很少有研究利用小鼠或大鼠的不同遗传株。比较跨性别和不同品系的相似行为范式,很明显,仅每种行为情境(饮酒和锻炼)并结合在一起,就存在主要的性别和遗传差异。因此,应在仔细研究设计和关注这两个因素的基础上发展该领域的未来研究。
更新日期:2020-03-27
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