Preschool expulsion is a trending social problem. To date, this is the first study that examines the teacher decision factors behind preschool expulsions. This article presents results of the development and validation of the Preschool Expulsion Risk Measure (PERM). In a 2-phase analysis of the study, we provide evidence for the PERM's reliability and validity in a sample of 352 preschoolers from 88 sites in a New England state. The PERM yielded 4 factors (classroom disruption, fear of accountability, hopelessness, and teacher stress) and demonstrated good internal consistency. The PERM correlated with standardized assessments of children's behavior problems and predicted intervention status (target child vs. random peer) and the probability of expulsion (child considered for expulsion vs. child never considered for expulsion). Classroom disruption predicted intervention status whereas accountability predicted consideration for expulsion. Results support the PERM as a viable tool for assessing the propensity to be expelled. Findings shed light into the decision factors that propel teachers to consider expulsion of a child, which can inform early education programs and policies to address this issue.

中文翻译：

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导致学前班开除的教师决定因素

学龄前开除是一个趋势性的社会问题。迄今为止，这是第一项研究学前班开除背后的教师决定因素的研究。本文介绍了学龄前开除风险措施 (PERM) 的开发和验证结果。在该研究的两阶段分析中，我们在来自新英格兰州 88 个地点的 352 名学龄前儿童的样本中提供了 PERM 信度和效度的证据。PERM 产生了 4 个因素（课堂中断、对问责制的恐惧、绝望和教师压力）并表现出良好的内部一致性。PERM 与儿童行为问题的标准化评估和预测的干预状态（目标儿童与随机同龄人）和开除概率（考虑开除的儿童对比从未考虑开除的儿童）相关联。课堂干扰预测了干预状态，而问责制预测了开除的考虑。结果支持 PERM 作为评估被驱逐倾向的可行工具。调查结果揭示了促使教师考虑开除儿童的决策因素，这可以为解决这一问题的早期教育计划和政策提供信息。