The increasing concern about the toxicity of synthetic herbicides has boosted the search for eco-friendly and sustainable weed management practices. Allelopathic control of weeds has received great attention in recent years as a possible alternative for weed management. Here, a two-year field study was conducted to explore the herbicidal potential of sorghum water extract alone and in combination with water extracts of other allelopathic plants: eucalyptus, sesame, sunflower, tobacco and brassica, against wild oat (Avena fatua) and canary grass (Phalaris minor), two noxious weeds of wheat fields. Water extracts were applied twice 30 and 40 days after sowing. Our results show that application of sorghum and sunflower extracts at 12 L ha⁻¹ each was more effective than other combinations. This treatment reduced wild oat dry matter by 42–62%, and canary grass by 36–55%. Application of sorghum and sunflower at 6 L ha⁻¹ each increased the wheat grain yield by 89% during the first year, and by 35% during the second year. Application of the synthetic herbicide isoproturon at 1000 g active ingredient ha⁻¹ was more effective for weed inhibition and yield increase than allelopathic water extracts. Nevertheless, application of sorghum and sunflower at 6 L ha⁻¹ was economically more viable than the other treatments, with the highest marginal rate of return of 2824%.

中文翻译：

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化感植物水提取物对麦田中野生燕麦和金丝雀草的替代控制

人们越来越关注合成除草剂的毒性，这促使人们寻求生态友好和可持续的杂草管理方法。杂草的化感控制近年来作为杂草处理的一种可能替代方法受到了广泛关注。在这里，进行了为期两年的田间研究，以探索高粱水提取物单独或与其他化感植物的水提取物（桉树，芝麻，向日葵，烟草和芸苔属）对野燕麦（Avena fatua）和金丝雀的除草潜力草（Ph草小），麦田的两种有害杂草。播种后30和40天，两次应用水提取物。我们的结果表明，高粱和向日葵提取物在12 L ha ^{-1下的应用}每个都比其他组合更有效。这种处理使野生燕麦干物质减少了42–62％，金丝雀草减少了36–55％。高粱和向日葵在6 L ha ^-1的施肥量分别在第一年和第二年将小麦籽粒产量提高了89％和35％。与化感水提取物相比，以1000 g活性成分ha ^-1施用合成除草剂异丙隆对杂草的抑制和产量的提高更为有效。然而，在6 L ha ^-1下施用高粱和向日葵在经济上比其他处理更为可行，最高边际回报率为2824％。