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Variability of Bioaccessible Lead in Urban Garden Soils
Soil Science ( IF 1.692 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-01 , DOI: 10.1097/ss.0000000000000232 Anna Paltseva , Zhongqi Cheng , Maha Deeb , Peter M. Groffman , Mark Maddaloni
Soil Science ( IF 1.692 ) Pub Date : 2018-01-01 , DOI: 10.1097/ss.0000000000000232 Anna Paltseva , Zhongqi Cheng , Maha Deeb , Peter M. Groffman , Mark Maddaloni
ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to evaluate the variability of Pb bioaccessibility in urban garden soils and how it is affected by phosphate, organic content, soil pH and soil mineral species. The bioaccessibility of Pb in 49 soil samples was assessed using the U.S. EPA method 1340 (extraction with a simulated gastric acid at pH 1.5) and a modified protocol (same solution, but at pH 2.5). Overall, bioaccessibility values were highly variable (14%–86% at pH 1.5 and 14%–73% at pH 2.5), reflecting the heterogeneous nature of urban soils and the influence of soil mineralogy and other factors on the stability and leachability of Pb. There was a negative relationship between phosphate and Pb bioaccessibility, but this was only observed when the modified protocol was used. Organic content also had a negative relationship with Pb bioaccessibility. Principal component analysis based on leaching solution chemistry (proxy to mineral speciation) suggested that carbonate and Fe/Mn hydroxide effects on Pb bioaccessibility are not as significant as phosphate and organic matter. These findings not only confirm the value of applying phosphorus and organic amendments to reduce Pb bioaccessibility in urban garden soils, but also highlight the complexity of the factors controlling health risks to gardeners.
中文翻译:
城市花园土壤中生物可及铅的变异性
摘要 本研究的目的是评估城市花园土壤中铅生物可利用性的变异性以及它如何受磷酸盐、有机含量、土壤 pH 值和土壤矿物质种类的影响。使用美国 EPA 方法 1340(用 pH 1.5 的模拟胃酸提取)和修改方案(相同溶液,但 pH 2.5)评估了 49 个土壤样品中 Pb 的生物可及性。总体而言,生物可利用性值变化很大(pH 1.5 时为 14%–86%,pH 2.5 时为 14%–73%),反映了城市土壤的异质性以及土壤矿物学和其他因素对 Pb 稳定性和可浸出性的影响. 磷酸盐和 Pb 生物可及性之间存在负相关关系,但这仅在使用修改后的协议时观察到。有机含量也与铅的生物可及性呈负相关。基于浸出溶液化学的主成分分析(代表矿物形态)表明,碳酸盐和 Fe/Mn 氢氧化物对 Pb 生物可及性的影响不如磷酸盐和有机物显着。这些发现不仅证实了应用磷和有机添加物来降低城市花园土壤中铅的生物可及性的价值,而且强调了控制园丁健康风险的因素的复杂性。
更新日期:2018-01-01
中文翻译:
城市花园土壤中生物可及铅的变异性
摘要 本研究的目的是评估城市花园土壤中铅生物可利用性的变异性以及它如何受磷酸盐、有机含量、土壤 pH 值和土壤矿物质种类的影响。使用美国 EPA 方法 1340(用 pH 1.5 的模拟胃酸提取)和修改方案(相同溶液,但 pH 2.5)评估了 49 个土壤样品中 Pb 的生物可及性。总体而言,生物可利用性值变化很大(pH 1.5 时为 14%–86%,pH 2.5 时为 14%–73%),反映了城市土壤的异质性以及土壤矿物学和其他因素对 Pb 稳定性和可浸出性的影响. 磷酸盐和 Pb 生物可及性之间存在负相关关系,但这仅在使用修改后的协议时观察到。有机含量也与铅的生物可及性呈负相关。基于浸出溶液化学的主成分分析(代表矿物形态)表明,碳酸盐和 Fe/Mn 氢氧化物对 Pb 生物可及性的影响不如磷酸盐和有机物显着。这些发现不仅证实了应用磷和有机添加物来降低城市花园土壤中铅的生物可及性的价值,而且强调了控制园丁健康风险的因素的复杂性。