The development of new Al-based alloys has included the addition of transition alloying elements in order to produce phases that are stable at high temperatures. Elements such as Mn, Cr, and V, can lead to supersaturated solid solutions in Al, and elements with low solubility and formers of eutectic systems (e.g., Ni, Fe, Ce) induce mechanical strengthening by the formation of higher fractions of intermetallics. Since Fe is the major impurity in commercial Al and an undesired element in its recycling, another positive effect of both Ni and Mn addition into Al alloys is related to the neutralization of Fe-compounds, known to be harmful to mechanical properties. Both Mn and Ni fulfill the requirements for high-temperature applications, but there is a lack of studies in the literature reporting the relation between microstructure and mechanical properties of Al–Mn–Ni alloys in the as-cast condition. In the present study, Al–1 wt% Mn–(1 wt% Ni) alloys are prepared using Fe-containing Al, which are subjected to directional solidification experiments with a view to producing castings under quite different solidification cooling rates (\({\dot{{T}}}\)) along their lengths. The effects of \({\dot{{T}}}\) on the morphology of the Al-rich matrix; its characteristic length scale; and composition of the IMCs formed are analyzed. The Al–1 wt% Ni alloy has an Al-rich matrix characterized by a dendritic morphology. However, it is shown that the addition of 1 wt% Mn induces the Al-rich matrix to assume the cellular morphology for \({\dot{{T}}}\) > 2.3 °C/s. The stabilization of cells for high cooling rates seems to be related to the crystalline structure of the alloying element. Power function experimental equations relating the cellular spacing (λ_C) of both Al–1 wt% Mn and Al–1 wt% Mn–1 wt% Ni alloys castings are derived, in which the ternary alloy is shown to have λ_C values about 30% lower than those of the binary alloy. A Hall–Petch-type equation is proposed relating the Vickers microhardness (HV) to λ_C for the ternary alloy. Moreover, the additions of Mn and Ni to the Fe-containing Al used in the preparation of the alloys seem to be beneficial in neutralizing Fe by forming the Al₉(Mn,Fe)Ni IMC, in which Mn is replaced with Fe.

中文翻译：

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Mn和Ni在受Fe污染的铝中的添加在中和Fe和稳定细胞α-Al微结构中的作用

新的铝基合金的开发包括添加过渡合金元素，以产生在高温下稳定的相。诸如Mn，Cr和V之类的元素会导致Al中的过饱和固溶体，而低溶解度的元素和低共熔体系的前者（例如Ni，Fe，Ce）会通过形成更高比例的金属间化合物而引起机械强化。由于Fe是商品Al中的主要杂质，并且是其回收中不希望的元素，因此将Ni和Mn添加到铝合金中的另一个积极作用与中和Fe化合物有关，已知这对机械性能有害。Mn和Ni均满足高温应用的要求，但是缺乏文献报道在铸态条件下Al-Mn-Ni合金的组织与力学性能之间的关系。在本研究中，使用含铁的Al制备了Al-1 wt％Mn-（Ni 1 wt％Ni）合金，然后对其进行定向凝固实验，以期在完全不同的凝固冷却速率下生产铸件（\（{\ dot {{T}}} \））沿它们的长度。的效果\（{\ {点【T}}} \）在富Al基体的形态; 其特征长度尺度；分析形成的IMC的组成。Al-1 wt％Ni合金具有特征在于树突形态的富Al基体。然而，显示出添加1重量％的Mn会诱导富含Al的基体呈现为（  2.3 ） C / s＞（{dot {{T}}}）的细胞形态。电池在高冷却速率下的稳定性似乎与合金元素的晶体结构有关。幂函数与蜂窝间距（实验方程λ _Ç两者的Al-1％重量）的Mn和Al-1％（重量）的Mn-1％（重量）的Ni合金铸件导出，其中，所述三元合金被示为具有λ _Ç约30％的值比那些二元合金的降低。霍尔一佩奇型方程提出有关的显微硬度（HV）到λ _ç的三元合金。而且，在合金的制备中使用的含铁的铝中添加锰和镍似乎对通过形成Al ₉（Mn，Fe）Ni IMC来中和Fe是有益的，其中用Fe代替了Mn。