The application of Se to plants growing under Cd contamination may become an alternative strategy to minimize Cd damage. However, there is no specific information available regarding whether Se can affect the anatomical structure and photosynthetic rates of plants under Cd stress. To address questions related to Se-protective responses under Cd stress, we evaluated the structural and ultrastructural aspects, photosynthetic rates and growth of tomato cv. Micro-Tom plants. Plants were exposed to 0.5 mM CdCl 2 and further supplemented with 1.0 μM of selenite or selenate. The overall results revealed different trends according to the Se source and Cd application. Both Se sources improved growth, photosynthesis, leaf characteristics and middle lamella thickness between mesophyll cells. In contrast, Cd caused decreases in photosynthesis and growth and damage to the ultrastructure of the chloroplast. The number of mitochondria, peroxisomes, starch grains and plastogloboli and the disorganization of the thylakoids and the middle lamella in plants increased in the presence of Cd or Cd + Se. Se plays an important role in plant cultivation under normal conditions. This finding was corroborated by the identification of specific structural changes in Se-treated plants, which could benefit plant development. However, a reversal of Cd stress effects was not observed in the presence of Se.

中文翻译：

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硒改善光合作用并诱导超微结构变化，但不能减轻番茄植物的镉胁迫损害

将硒应用于在 Cd 污染下生长的植物可能成为减少 Cd 损害的替代策略。然而，没有关于硒是否会影响镉胁迫下植物的解剖结构和光合速率的具体信息。为了解决与镉胁迫下硒保护反应相关的问题，我们评估了番茄品种的结构和超微结构、光合速率和生长。微型汤姆植物。将植物暴露于 0.5 mM CdCl 2 并进一步补充 1.0 μM 亚硒酸盐或硒酸盐。根据 Se 源和 Cd 应用，总体结果显示出不同的趋势。两种硒源都改善了叶肉细胞之间的生长、光合作用、叶片特性和中间层厚度。相比之下，Cd 导致光合作用和生长的降低以及叶绿体超微结构的破坏。在 Cd 或 Cd + Se 存在下，植物中线粒体、过氧化物酶体、淀粉粒和质体球的数量以及类囊体和中层的解体增加。硒在正常条件下的植物栽培中起重要作用。这一发现得到了硒处理植物特定结构变化的证实，这可能有利于植物发育。然而，在 Se 存在的情况下，没有观察到 Cd 应力效应的逆转。硒在正常条件下的植物栽培中起重要作用。这一发现得到了硒处理植物特定结构变化的证实，这可能有利于植物发育。然而，在 Se 存在的情况下，没有观察到 Cd 应力效应的逆转。硒在正常条件下的植物栽培中起重要作用。这一发现得到了硒处理植物特定结构变化的证实，这可能有利于植物发育。然而，在 Se 存在的情况下，没有观察到 Cd 应力效应的逆转。