This paper reviews the recent advances of ionic liquids (ILs) in sample preparation from more than 100 works mainly in last five years, including liquid-liquid microextraction, solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction, stir bar or stir cake sorptive extraction. ILs, polymer of ILs and their composites with molecular imprinted polymer, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide and magnetic materials have been explored as promising sorbents for inorganic or organic pollutants, majorly relying on the affinity of ILs with the target. The improved sensitivity and selectivity towards different types of analytes were displayed, attributed from various mechanism of ILs-based extraction materials including π-π, ion-exchange, hydrogen bond, dipole-dipole, electrostatic, hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions. The prospects of ILs for sample preparation were also presented, which can offer an outlook for the further applications of ILs.

本文回顾了离子液体（ILs）在样品制备方面的最新进展，这些样品制备主要是在过去五年中进行的100多个工作，包括液液微萃取，固相萃取，固相微萃取，搅拌棒或搅拌饼吸附萃取。IL，IL的聚合物及其与分子印迹聚合物，碳纳米管，氧化石墨烯和磁性材料的复合材料已被视为对无机或有机污染物有希望的吸附剂，这主要依赖于IL与目标的亲和力。归因于基于ILs的萃取材料的各种机理，包括π-π，离子交换，氢键，偶极-偶极，静电，疏水和亲水相互作用，显示了对不同类型分析物的提高的灵敏度和选择性。