The species Deschampsia antarctica (DA) is one of the only two native vascular species that live in Antarctica. We performed ecophysiological, biochemical, and metabolomic studies to investigate the responses of DA to low temperature. In parallel, we assessed the responses in a non‐Antarctic reference species (Triticum aestivum [TA]) from the same family (Poaceae). At low temperature (4°C), both species showed lower photosynthetic rates (reductions were 70% and 80% for DA and TA, respectively) and symptoms of oxidative stress but opposite responses of antioxidant enzymes (peroxidases and catalase). We employed fused least absolute shrinkage and selection operator statistical modelling to associate the species‐dependent physiological and antioxidant responses to primary metabolism. Model results for DA indicated associations with osmoprotection, cell wall remodelling, membrane stabilization, and antioxidant secondary metabolism (synthesis of flavonols and phenylpropanoids), coordinated with nutrient mobilization from source to sink tissues (confirmed by elemental analysis), which were not observed in TA. The metabolic behaviour of DA, with significant changes in particular metabolites, was compared with a newly compiled multispecies dataset showing a general accumulation of metabolites in response to low temperatures. Altogether, the responses displayed by DA suggest a compromise between catabolism and maintenance of leaf functionality.

中文翻译：

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南极物种Deschampsia antarctica的低温耐受性：与营养物迁移相关的复杂代谢反应。

南极Deschampsia物种（DA）是生活在南极洲的仅有的两种原生维管物种之一。我们进行了生态生理，生化和代谢组学研究，以研究DA对低温的反应。同时，我们评估了非南极参考物种（Triticum aestivum[TA]）来自同一科（禾本科）。在低温（4℃）下，两个物种均显示出较低的光合速率（DA和TA分别降低70％和80％）和氧化应激症状，但抗氧化酶（过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶）的反应相反。我们采用融合的最小绝对收缩和选择算子统计模型，将依赖于物种的生理和抗氧化反应与主要代谢相关联。DA的模型结果表明与渗透保护，细胞壁重塑，膜稳定和抗氧化剂二次代谢（黄酮醇和苯基丙烷类化合物的合成）相关，与从源头到下沉组织的营养素动员（通过元素分析证实）相关，在TA中未观察到。DA的代谢行为 特定代谢物发生显着变化时，将其与新编辑的多物种数据集进行比较，该数据集显示代谢物在低温下普遍积累。总而言之，DA显示的反应表明分解代谢与维持叶片功能之间存在折衷。