The chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis has caused the most prominent loss of vertebrate diversity ever recorded, which peaked in the 1980s. Recent incursion by its sister species B. salamandrivorans in Europe raised the alarm for a new wave of declines and extinctions in western Palearctic urodeles. The European Commission has responded by restricting amphibian trade. However, private amphibian collections, the main end consumers, were exempted from the European legislation. Here, we report how invasion by a released, exotic newt coincided with B. salamandrivorans invasion at over 1000 km from the nearest natural outbreak site, causing mass mortality in indigenous marbled newts (Triturus marmoratus), and posing an acute threat to the survival of nearby populations of the most critically endangered European newt species (Montseny brook newt, Calotriton arnoldi). Disease management was initiated shortly after detection in a close collaboration between policy and science and included drastic on site measures and intensive disease surveillance. Despite these efforts, the disease is considered temporarily contained but not eradicated and continued efforts will be necessary to minimize the probability of further pathogen dispersal. This precedent demonstrates the importance of tackling wildlife diseases at an early stage using an integrated approach, involving all stakeholders and closing loopholes in existing regulations.

中文翻译：

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野生动物疾病的整体链管理

乳糜菌Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis引起了有史以来最显着的脊椎动物多样性丧失，这种丧失在1980年代达到顶峰。最近其姊妹物种B. salamandrivorans在欧洲的入侵为西部古太平洋小乌龟的新一轮衰退和灭绝潮发出了警报。欧盟委员会已通过限制两栖动物贸易做出回应。但是，私人两栖动物收藏品（主要的最终消费者）不受欧洲法规的约束。在这里，我们报告释放的外来new入侵是如何与B. salamandrivorans入侵相距最近的自然爆发点超过1000公里，从而导致土著大理石marble的大量死亡（Triturus marmoratus），并对濒临灭绝的欧洲new物种（Montseny brook newt，Calotriton arnoldi）附近种群的生存构成严重威胁。在发现政策和科学之间的紧密合作后不久，就开始了疾病管理，其中包括严厉的现场措施和密集的疾病监测。尽管做出了这些努力，但该病仍被认为是暂时性的，但并未根除，因此有必要继续努力，以最大程度地减少病原体进一步扩散的可能性。该先例表明了采用综合方法在早期阶段解决野生动植物疾病的重要性，涉及所有利益相关者并消除了现有法规中的漏洞。