The use of pharmaceutical drugs has systematically increased, resulting in their environmental presence and exertion of effects on non-target aquatic organisms. Diclofenac (DCF) is an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drug, frequently found in the aquatic compartment. The present work analyzed the ecotoxicological effects of DCF in the marine polychaete Hediste diversicolor and in the marine fish Solea senegalensis. In addition, the putative toxic effects of DCF along a simulated food chain were studied, by feeding individuals of S. senegalensis with H. diversicolor previously exposed to DCF. Biomarkers of anti-oxidant defense (catalase, CAT), phase II metabolism (glutathione S-transferases, GSTs) and neurotoxicity (acetylcholinesterase, AChE) were quantified. The obtained results demonstrated that DCF did not affect CAT activity in organisms of both species directly exposed through the water, suggesting the absence of oxidative effects. In addition, organisms directly or indirectly exposed to DCF showed an increase of GSTs activities, suggesting an additional challenge to the metabolism of the exposed individuals. However, significant decreases in the activities of CAT and AChE were observed in fish fed with worms previously exposed to DCF. These data suggest that direct or indirect exposure to DCF may cause significant physiological modifications in aquatic organisms. In addition, exposure of wild organisms via contaminated food may lead to toxicological effects which may differ from alterations elicited by direct exposure. Such toxicological differences, between direct (waterborne) and trophic (via contaminated feed) exposures were qualitatively distinct, and need to be fully addressed when considering the consequences of environmental contamination by therapeutic drugs.

药物的使用已系统地增加，导致它们在环境中的存在并对非目标水生生物产生影响。双氯芬酸（DCF）是一种止痛，消炎和退烧药，通常在水生隔室中发现。目前的工作分析了DCF对海洋多斑杂种Hediste diversicolor和海洋鱼Solea senegalensis的生态毒理作用。此外，沿着模拟食物链DCF的推定的毒性作用进行了研究，通过将个人S.塞内加尔与H.杂色以前接触过DCF。量化了抗氧化防御（过氧化氢酶，CAT），II期代谢（谷胱甘肽S-转移酶，GST）和神经毒性（乙酰胆碱酯酶，AChE）的生物标志物。获得的结果表明，DCF不会影响直接通过水暴露的两个物种的有机体中的CAT活性，表明没有氧化作用。此外，直接或间接暴露于DCF的生物体显示GSTs活性增加，表明对暴露个体的新陈代谢具有额外的挑战。但是，在喂食了预先暴露于DCF的蠕虫的鱼中，CAT和AChE的活性显着下降。这些数据表明直接或间接暴露于DCF可能会导致水生生物发生重大的生理变化。此外，通过受污染的食物对野生生物的暴露可能导致毒理学效应，这可能与直接暴露引起的改变不同。在直接（水源）和营养（通过污染的饲料）接触之间的这种毒理学差异在质量上是截然不同的，在考虑治疗药物对环境污染的后果时，需要充分解决。