Acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) are the most important causes of treatment-related morbidity and mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplants for various diseases. Corticosteroids are an effective therapy in only about one-half of affected individuals and new therapy options are needed. We discuss novel strategies to treat GvHD using cellular-therapy including adoptive transfer of regulatory T-cells (T_regs), mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), cells derived from placental tissues, invariant natural killer T-cells (iNKTs), and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs).These strategies may be more selective than drugs in modulating GvHD pathophysiology, and may be safer and more effective than conventional pharmacologic therapies. Additionally, these therapies have not been observed to substantially compromise the graft-versus-tumor effect associated with allotransplants. Many of these strategies are effective in animal models but substantial data in humans are lacking.

异种造血细胞移植后，各种疾病的急性和慢性移植物抗宿主病（G v HD）是与治疗相关的发病率和死亡率的最重要原因。皮质类固醇仅在大约一半的患病个体中是一种有效的疗法，因此需要新的疗法选择。我们讨论使用细胞疗法治疗G v HD的新策略，包括调节性T细胞（T _regs），间充质基质细胞（MSC），胎盘组织来源的细胞，不变的自然杀伤性T细胞（iNKT）的过继转移骨髓来源的抑制细胞（MDSCs）这些策略在调节G v方面可能比药物更具选择性HD病理生理学，并且比常规药物治疗更安全有效。另外，还没有观察到这些疗法实质上削弱了与同种异体移植相关的移植物抗肿瘤作用。这些策略中的许多策略在动物模型中都是有效的，但缺乏人类的大量数据。