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Metabolome and proteome changes in skeletal muscle and blood of pre-weaning calves fed leucine and threonine supplemented diets.
Journal of Proteomics ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.103677
Kuai Yu 1 , Manolis Matzapetakis 2 , Anita Horvatić 3 , Marta Terré 4 , Alex Bach 5 , Josipa Kuleš 3 , Natalia Yeste 1 , Néstor Gómez 1 , Laura Arroyo 1 , Elisabet Rodríguez-Tomàs 6 , Raquel Peña 7 , Nicolas Guillemin 3 , André M de Almeida 8 , Peter David Eckersall 9 , Anna Bassols 10
Affiliation  

In pre-weaning calves, both leucine and threonine play important roles in growth and muscle metabolism. In this study, metabolomics, proteomics and clinical chemistry were used to assess the effects of leucine and threonine supplementation added to milk replacer on 14 newborn Holstein male calves: 7 were fed a control diet (Ctrl) and 7 were fed the Ctrl diet supplemented with 0.3% leucine and 0.3% threonine (LT) from 5.6 days of age to 53.6 days. At this time, blood and semitendinosus muscle biopsies were collected for analysis. Integrated metabolomics and proteomics showed that branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) degradation and mitochondrial oxidative metabolism (citrate cycle and respiratory chain) were the main activated pathways in muscle because of the supplementation. BCAA derivatives and metabolites related to lipid mobilization showed the major changes. The deleterious effects of activated oxidative phosphorylation were balanced by the upregulation of antioxidant proteins. An increase in protein synthesis was indicated by elevated aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis and increased S6 ribosomal protein phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. In conclusion, LT group showed greater BCAA availability and mitochondrial oxidative activity; as the muscle cells undergo greater aerobic metabolism, antioxidant defenses were activated to compensate for possible cell damage. Data are available via ProteomeXchange (PXD016098). SIGNIFICANCE: Leucine and threonine are essential amino acids for the pre-weaning calf, being of high importance for growth. In this study, we found that leucine and threonine supplementation of milk replacer to feed pre-weaning calves led to differences in the proteome, metabolome and clinical chemistry analytes in skeletal muscle and plasma, albeit no differences in productive performance were recorded. This study extends our understanding on the metabolism in dairy calves and helps optimizing their nutritional status.

中文翻译:

断奶仔牛补充亮氨酸和苏氨酸的饮食后骨骼肌和血液中的代谢组和蛋白质组变化。

在断奶前的犊牛中,亮氨酸和苏氨酸均在生长和肌肉代谢中起重要作用。在这项研究中,使用代谢组学,蛋白质组学和临床化学方法评估了补充牛奶替代品中亮氨酸和苏氨酸对14例新生荷斯坦雄性犊牛的影响:7例饲喂对照饮食(Ctrl),7例饲喂Ctrl饮食并补充从5.6天到53.6天,含0.3%的亮氨酸和0.3%的苏氨酸(LT)。此时,收集血液和半腱肌活检进行分析。综合代谢组学和蛋白质组学研究表明,支链氨基酸(BCAA)降解和线粒体氧化代谢(柠檬酸循环和呼吸链)是肌肉中主要的激活途径,这是由于补充。与脂质动员有关的BCAA衍生物和代谢产物显示出主要变化。激活的氧化磷酸化的有害作用被抗氧化剂蛋白的上调所平衡。氨基酸酰基-tRNA生物合成的增加和骨骼肌中S6核糖体蛋白磷酸化的增加表明蛋白质合成的增加。总之,LT组表现出更高的BCAA利用率和线粒体氧化活性。随着肌肉细胞进行更好的有氧代谢,抗氧化剂的防御被激活以补偿可能的细胞损伤。数据可通过ProteomeXchange(PXD016098)获得。意义:亮氨酸和苏氨酸是断奶前犊牛的必需氨基酸,对生长至关重要。在这个研究中,我们发现补充牛奶替代品以补充断奶前犊牛的亮氨酸和苏氨酸会导致骨骼肌和血浆中蛋白质组,代谢组和临床化学分析物的差异,尽管未见生产性能差异。这项研究扩展了我们对奶牛犊代谢的理解,并有助于优化它们的营养状况。
更新日期:2020-02-03
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