Substantial evidence has shown that ongoing neural activity significantly contributes to how the brain responds to upcoming stimuli. In visual perception, a considerable portion of trial-to-trial variability can be accounted for by prestimulus magneto/electroencephalographic (M/EEG) alpha oscillations, which play an inhibitory function by means of cross-frequency interactions with gamma-band oscillations. Despite the fundamental theories on the role of oscillations in perception and cognition, the current literature lacks a clear theorization of the neural mechanisms underlying the effects of prestimulus activity, including electrophysiological phenomena at different scales (e.g., local field potentials and macro-scale M/EEG). Here, we present a model called the oscillation-based probability of response (OPR), which directly assesses the link between meso-scale neural mechanisms, macro-scale M/EEG, and behavioural outcome. The OPR includes distinct meso-scale mechanisms through which alpha oscillations modulate M/EEG gamma activity, namely, by decreasing a) the amplitude and/or b) neural synchronization of gamma oscillations. Crucially, the OPR makes specific predictions on the effects of these mechanisms on visual perception, as assessed through the psychometric function. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The oscillation-based probability of response (OPR) is grounded on a psychophysical approach focusing on the psychometric function estimation and may be highly informative in the study of ongoing brain activity, because it provides a tool for distinguishing different neural mechanisms of alpha-driven modulation of sensory processing.

中文翻译：

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对正在进行的alpha活动对视觉感知的影响进行建模：基于振荡的响应概率。

大量证据表明，持续的神经活动对大脑对即将来临的刺激的反应做出了重要贡献。在视觉感知中，审判前变异的很大一部分可以由刺激前的磁/脑电图（M / EEG）α振荡引起，该振荡通过与γ波段振荡的跨频相互作用而发挥抑制作用。尽管存在关于振荡在感知和认知中作用的基础理论，但目前的文献缺乏对刺激活动影响的神经机制的清晰理论，包括不同尺度的电生理现象（例如局部场电势和宏观M /脑电图）。在这里，我们提出了一个称为基于振动的响应概率（OPR）的模型，它直接评估了中尺度神经机制，宏观M / EEG和行为结果之间的联系。OPR包括不同的介观尺度机制，通过该机制，α振荡可调节M / EEG伽马活动，即通过降低a）振幅和/或b）伽马振荡的神经同步。至关重要的是，OPR通过心理测量功能评估了这些机制对视觉感知的影响的具体预测。意义声明：基于振动的反应概率（OPR）基于侧重于心理计量功能估计的心理物理方法，并且在正在进行的大脑活动研究中可能具有很高的信息意义，因为它提供了区分Alpha不同神经机制的工具驱动的感觉处理调制。