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First experimental proof of Rotavirus A (RVA) genotype G18P[17] inducing the clinical presentation of 'young pigeon disease syndrome' (YPDS) in domestic pigeons (Columba livia).
Transboundary and Emerging Diseases ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-22 , DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13485
Dennis Rubbenstroth 1 , Reiner Ulrich 2, 3 , Claudia Wylezich 1 , Silke Rautenschlein 4 , Martin Beer 1 , Lydia Mohr 4
Affiliation  

Young pigeon disease syndrome (YPDS) is characterized as a seasonally occurring, acute and primarily enteric medical condition of mainly juvenile domestic pigeons (Columba livia ) with highly variable mortality reaching more than 50%. Although the syndrome has been known in Europe for almost three decades, its aetiology remains largely obscure. Recently, a previously unknown pigeon‐associated clade of Rotavirus A (RVA) genotype G18P[17] was detected in Europe and Australia in association with fatal diseases resembling YPDS. Here we show for the first time, that peroral inoculation of healthy juvenile homing pigeons with two genetically different cell culture isolates of RVA G18P[17] (106.3 foci‐forming units per bird) induces an acute and self‐limiting YPDS‐like disease in all infected birds. Clinical signs included regurgitation, diarrhoea, congested crops, anorexia and weight loss, as described for naturally RVA‐infected pigeons. In agreement with the original outbreaks, RVA isolate DR‐7 induced more pronounced clinical signs as compared to isolate DR‐5, indicating strain‐dependent virulence factors to contribute to variable disease outcomes observed in the field. All inoculated birds developed rotavirus‐reactive antibodies starting at seven days after inoculation. High levels of viral RNA and infectious virus were detectable in cloacal swabs and faecal samples already three days after inoculation. While shedding of infectious virus subsided within few days, moderate viral RNA levels were still detectable in cloacal swabs, faeces, and tissue samples at the end of the experiment three weeks after inoculation. Histopathological analysis at this time point revealed inflammatory lesions in spleens and livers of pigeons from both infected groups. In summary, we fulfilled Henle‐Koch's postulates and confirmed RVA G18P[17] as a primary cause of YPDS‐like diseases in domestic pigeons. By establishing an infection model, we provide a crucial tool for future research, such as identification of transmission routes and establishing vaccination regimes.

中文翻译:

轮状病毒A(RVA)基因型G18P [17]诱导家鸽(Columba livia)出现“年轻鸽疾病综合症”(YPDS)的临床表现的第一个实验证明。

幼鸽疾病综合症(YPDS)的特征是主要以幼年家鸽(Columba livia)季节性出现,急性和主要是肠道疾病,死亡率可变性高达50%以上。尽管该综合征在欧洲已经有将近三十年的历史了,但其病因仍然很模糊。最近,在欧洲和澳大利亚发现了与轮状病毒A(RVA)基因型G18P [17]有关的与鸽子相关的进化枝,并伴有类似于YPDS的致命疾病。在这里,我们首次展示了使用两种遗传上不同的RVA G18P细胞分离株对健康的幼鸽进行的经口接种[17](10 6.3每只鸟类的病灶形成单位)在所有受感染的鸟类中诱发一种急性且自我限制的YPDS样疾病。临床症状包括反流,腹泻,作物充血,厌食和体重减轻,如天然RVA感染的鸽子所述。与最初的暴发相符,与分离株DR-5相比,RVA分离株DR-7诱导了更明显的临床体征,表明菌株依赖性毒力因子有助于实地观察到各种疾病结果。从接种后的第7天开始,所有接种的鸟类都会产生轮状病毒反应性抗体。接种三天后已在泄殖腔拭子和粪便样品中检测到高水平的病毒RNA和传染性病毒。尽管感染病毒的脱落在几天内就消失了,但在泄殖腔拭子,粪便,接种三周后在实验结束时采集组织和组织样本。此时的组织病理学分析显示,两个感染组的鸽子的脾脏和肝脏都有炎症性病变。总而言之,我们满足了Henle-Koch的假设,并确认RVA G18P [17]是家鸽中YPDS样疾病的主要原因。通过建立感染模型,我们为将来的研究提供了至关重要的工具,例如确定传播途径和建立疫苗接种制度。s假定并确认RVA G18P [17]是家鸽中YPDS样疾病的主要原因。通过建立感染模型,我们为将来的研究提供了至关重要的工具,例如确定传播途径和建立疫苗接种制度。s假定并确认RVA G18P [17]是家鸽中YPDS样疾病的主要原因。通过建立感染模型,我们为将来的研究提供了至关重要的工具,例如确定传播途径和建立疫苗接种制度。
更新日期:2020-01-22
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