A 5‐week‐old infant was admitted to the pediatric emergency department with agitation and incessant crying. Investigations led to a diagnosis of rhabdomyolysis following coma due to severe bromazepam intoxication (blood concentration 656 μg/L). The infant was hospitalized and his condition rapidly improved. Ten days later, an inquiry was opened to determine whether he could have been repeatedly intoxicated since birth. A lock of hair, nail cuttings and the last diaper used were sampled. The hair of the mother was also sampled to test for possible exposure in utero. Samples were measured by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry after decontamination. Bromazepam was found at concentrations of 63 pg/mg in hair and 4 pg/mg in fingernails. It was also detected in two diaper samples. The hair of the mother did not contain bromazepam, excluding exposure in utero. Nail analysis can complete or replace hair analysis when hair is not available. As the time to appearance of the molecules in keratin matrices is uncertain at that age, it could be useful to take a first sample of nails at day 0 (when intoxication was presumed to have occurred) and then at a later stage. Lastly, quantitative interpretation must remain extremely prudent.

中文翻译：

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婴儿的溴马西m中毒：头发和指甲分析的贡献。

一名5周大的婴儿因躁动和不断哭闹而被送入小儿急诊科。调查导致严重的溴西epa中毒（血液浓度656μg/ L）导致昏迷后横纹肌溶解的诊断。该婴儿住院治疗，病情迅速好转。十天后，开始进行调查以确定他自出生以来是否可能反复被陶醉。采样一束头发，指甲屑和最后使用的尿布。还对母亲的头发进行了采样以测试子宫内可能的暴露情况。去污后通过液相色谱/串联质谱法测量样品。在头发中溴阿西epa的浓度为63 pg / mg，在指甲中为4 pg / mg。在两个尿布样本中也检测到了它。母亲的头发不含溴马西m，不包括在子宫内暴露。当头发不可用时，指甲分析可以完成或替换头发分析。由于在该年龄该分子在角蛋白基质中出现的时间尚不确定，因此在第0天（假定已发生中毒的情况下）然后在以后的某个阶段采集指甲的第一个样品可能是有用的。最后，定量解释必须保持极其谨慎的态度。