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Implications of heathland management for ant species composition and diversity – Is heathland management causing biotic homogenization?
Biological Conservation ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-02-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2020.108422
Rikke Reisner Hansen , Knud Erik Nielsen , Joachim Offenberg , Christian Damgaard , David Bille Byriel , Inger Kappel Schmidt , Peter Borgen Sørensen , Christian Kjær , Morten Tune Strandberg

Abstract Maintaining heathland ecosystems in an early successional stage is a major aim of most management regimes, such as harvesting, burning or grazing. However, how these types of management affect important ecosystem engineers such as ants, are poorly understood. We registered the density of ant colonies in managed plots (harvested, burned and grazed) and plots with long succession (so forth unmanaged) across six different dry lowland heath sites. With these data, we investigated how composition and richness varied across management regimes and elucidated the direct effects of management from the indirect effects of environmental covariates. Ant species richness was significantly lower in managed plots compared to unmanaged plots. Harvest and grazing regimes were associated with the lowest richness, while intermediate richness was registered in burned plots. Smallest variation in species composition was found in the harvested, followed by grazed, burned and unmanaged heathlands. There was an overall negative association between abundances of organic mound forming species and all types of management, while non-mound forming species where negatively affected by grazing. In addition, Non- and organic mound forming species were indirectly affected through decreasing vegetation complexity. Only ants with mineral mounds benefitted from grazing and burning, but not from harvesting. To promote ant richness and abundance, we propose to downscale the frequency and intensity of management, as well as designating certain parts of the heathland area for later successional vegetation stages.

中文翻译:

荒地管理对蚂蚁物种组成和多样性的影响——荒地管理是否会导致生物同质化?

摘要 在早期演替阶段维持荒地生态系统是大多数管理制度的主要目标,例如收获、燃烧或放牧。然而,人们对这些类型的管理如何影响蚂蚁等重要的生态系统工程师知之甚少。我们在六个不同的干旱低地荒地地点登记了管理地块(收获、烧毁和放牧)和长期连续地块(等等未管理地)中的蚁群密度。有了这些数据,我们研究了不同管理制度的组成和丰富度如何变化,并从环境协变量的间接影响中阐明了管理的直接影响。与非管理地块相比,管理地块中的蚂蚁物种丰富度显着降低。收获和放牧制度与最低的丰富度有关,而在燃烧的地块中记录了中等丰富度。收获的物种组成变化最小,其次是放牧、烧毁和未管理的荒地。有机丘形成物种的丰度与所有类型的管理之间总体呈负相关,而非丘形成物种受放牧的负面影响。此外,通过降低植被复杂性,非和有机丘形成物种受到间接影响。只有拥有矿丘的蚂蚁才能从放牧和燃烧中受益,而不能从收获中受益。为了促进蚂蚁的丰富和丰富,我们建议降低管理的频率和强度,并指定石南地区的某些部分用于后期演替植被阶段。收获的物种组成变化最小,其次是放牧、烧毁和未管理的荒地。有机丘形成物种的丰度与所有类型的管理之间总体呈负相关,而非丘形成物种受放牧的负面影响。此外,通过降低植被复杂性,非和有机丘形成物种受到间接影响。只有拥有矿丘的蚂蚁才能从放牧和燃烧中受益,而不能从收获中受益。为了促进蚂蚁的丰富和丰富,我们建议降低管理的频率和强度,并指定石南地区的某些部分用于后期演替植被阶段。收获的物种组成变化最小,其次是放牧、烧毁和未管理的荒地。有机丘形成物种的丰度与所有类型的管理之间总体呈负相关,而非丘形成物种受放牧的负面影响。此外,通过降低植被复杂性,非和有机丘形成物种受到间接影响。只有拥有矿丘的蚂蚁才能从放牧和燃烧中受益,而不能从收获中受益。为了促进蚂蚁的丰富和丰富,我们建议降低管理的频率和强度,并指定石南地区的某些部分用于后期演替植被阶段。有机丘形成物种的丰度与所有类型的管理之间总体呈负相关,而非丘形成物种受放牧的负面影响。此外,通过降低植被复杂性,非和有机丘形成物种受到间接影响。只有拥有矿丘的蚂蚁才能从放牧和燃烧中受益,而不能从收获中受益。为了促进蚂蚁的丰富和丰富,我们建议降低管理的频率和强度,并指定石南地区的某些部分用于后期演替植被阶段。有机丘形成物种的丰度与所有类型的管理之间总体呈负相关,而非丘形成物种受放牧的负面影响。此外,通过降低植被复杂性,非和有机丘形成物种受到间接影响。只有拥有矿丘的蚂蚁才能从放牧和燃烧中受益,而不能从收获中受益。为了促进蚂蚁的丰富和丰富,我们建议降低管理的频率和强度,并指定石南地区的某些部分用于后期演替植被阶段。非和有机丘形成物种通过降低植被复杂性受到间接影响。只有拥有矿丘的蚂蚁才能从放牧和燃烧中受益,而不能从收获中受益。为了促进蚂蚁的丰富和丰富,我们建议降低管理的频率和强度,并指定石南地区的某些部分用于后期演替植被阶段。非和有机丘形成物种通过降低植被复杂性受到间接影响。只有拥有矿丘的蚂蚁才能从放牧和燃烧中受益,而不能从收获中受益。为了促进蚂蚁的丰富和丰富,我们建议降低管理的频率和强度,并指定石南地区的某些部分用于后期演替植被阶段。
更新日期:2020-02-01
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