Microorganisms that colonize the gastrointestinal tract, collectively known as the gut microbiota, are known to produce small molecules and metabolites that significantly contribute to host intestinal development, functions, and homeostasis. Emerging insights from microbiome research reveal that gut microbiota-derived signals and molecules influence another key player maintaining intestinal homeostasis-the intestinal stem cell niche, which regulates epithelial self-renewal. In this review, the literature on gut microbiota-host crosstalk is surveyed, highlighting the effects of gut microbial metabolites on intestinal stem cells. The production of various classes of metabolites, their actions on intestinal stem cells are discussed and, finally, how the production and function of metabolites are modulated by aging and dietary intake is commented upon.

中文翻译：

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微生物代谢产物和肠道干细胞可调节肠道稳态。

定居于胃肠道的微生物（统称为肠道微生物群）会产生小分子和代谢产物，这些物质和代谢产物显着促进宿主的肠道发育，功能和体内稳态。微生物组研究的新兴见解表明，肠道菌群来源的信号和分子会影响维持肠道稳态的另一个关键因素，即肠道干细胞生态位，它调节上皮自我更新。在这篇综述中，对肠道微生物群-宿主串扰的文献进行了调查，强调了肠道微生物代谢产物对肠道干细胞的影响。讨论了各种代谢产物的产生，它们对肠道干细胞的作用，最后，阐述了衰老和饮食摄入如何调节代谢产物的产生和功能。