Abstract On the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), fjords make up most of the interface between the ocean and the cryosphere, and they are hotspots of biological productivity and biodiversity. Changes in the summer upper ocean (50 m) heat content, H, of a fjord could directly affect primary productivity and melting of icebergs and glacial fronts. Using the adjoint of a high-resolution Regional Ocean Model System model, we quantify the key drivers controlling changes in H to understand the summertime characteristics and potential climatic impacts. Results show that the summertime warming is mainly driven by the surface heat flux, and can be enhanced by inward along-fjord winds or northeastward winds along Gerlache strait. Opposite wind perturbations lead to a reduction of H. We learned that the sensitivity to the along-strait winds relates to the exchange of heat between the fjord and the strait, with the strait being a major heat source for the fjord in the unperturbed conditions. The sensitivity analysis of the most influential regional water masses identifies upper ocean waters from the north (

中文翻译：

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南极半岛西部峡湾夏季上层海洋热含量的敏感性

摘要 在南极半岛西部（WAP），峡湾构成了海洋和冰冻圈之间的大部分界面，是生物生产力和生物多样性的热点。峡湾夏季上层海洋 (50 m) 热含量 H 的变化可直接影响初级生产力以及冰山和冰川锋的融化。使用高分辨率区域海洋模型系统模型的伴随模型，我们量化了控制 H 变化的关键驱动因素，以了解夏季特征和潜在的气候影响。结果表明，夏季增温主要由地表热通量驱动，沿峡湾向内风或沿杰拉什海峡向东北风可增强夏季增温作用。相反的风扰动导致H的减少。我们了解到，对沿海峡风的敏感性与峡湾和海峡之间的热交换有关，在未受干扰的条件下，海峡是峡湾的主要热源。最具影响力的区域水团的敏感性分析确定了来自北方的上层海水（