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White matter structure and myelin-related gene expression alterations with experience in adult rats.
Progress in Neurobiology ( IF 6.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-27 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101770
Cassandra Sampaio-Baptista 1 , Astrid Vallès 2 , Alexandre A Khrapitchev 3 , Guus Akkermans 4 , Anderson M Winkler 1 , Sean Foxley 1 , Nicola R Sibson 3 , Mark Roberts 5 , Karla Miller 1 , Mathew E Diamond 6 , Gerard J M Martens 4 , Peter De Weerd 7 , Heidi Johansen-Berg 1
Affiliation  

White matter (WM) plasticity during adulthood is a recently described phenomenon by which experience can shape brain structure. It has been observed in humans using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and myelination has been suggested as a possible mechanism. Here, we set out to identify molecular and cellular changes associated with WM plasticity measured by DTI. We combined DTI, immunohistochemistry and mRNA expression analysis and examined the effects of somatosensory experience in adult rats. First, we observed experience-induced DTI differences in WM and in grey matter structure. C-Fos mRNA expression, a marker of cortical activity, in the barrel cortex correlated with the MRI WM metrics, indicating that molecular correlates of cortical activity relate to macroscale measures of WM structure. Analysis of myelin-related genes revealed higher myelin basic protein (MBP) mRNA expression. Higher MBP protein expression was also found via immunohistochemistry in WM. Finally, unbiased RNA sequencing analysis identified 134 differentially expressed genes encoding proteins involved in functions related to cell proliferation and differentiation, regulation of myelination and neuronal activity modulation. In conclusion, macroscale measures of WM plasticity are supported by both molecular and cellular evidence and confirm that myelination is one of the underlying mechanisms.

中文翻译:

成年大鼠中白质结构和髓磷脂相关基因表达随经验的变化。

成年期的白质(WM)可塑性是一种最近描述的现象,通过这种现象经验可以塑造大脑结构。使用弥散张量成像(DTI)在人类中已观察到该现象,并且髓鞘化被认为是可能的机制。在这里,我们着手确定与DTI测量的WM可塑性相关的分子和细胞变化。我们结合DTI,免疫组织化学和mRNA表达分析,并检查了成年大鼠体感体验的影响。首先,我们观察到WM和灰质结构中由经验引起的DTI差异。与MRI WM指标相关的桶状皮质中C-Fos mRNA的表达是皮层活动的标志,表明皮层活动的分子相关性与WM结构的宏观测量有关。髓磷脂相关基因的分析显示较高的髓磷脂碱性蛋白(MBP)mRNA表达。通过免疫组织化学在WM中也发现了更高的MBP蛋白表达。最后,无偏RNA测序分析确定了134个差异表达的基因,这些基因编码的蛋白质参与与细胞增殖和分化,髓鞘调节和神经元活性调节有关的功能。总之,WM可塑性的宏观测量得到分子和细胞证据的支持,并证实髓鞘形成是潜在的机制之一。无偏RNA测序分析确定了134个差异表达的基因,这些基因编码的蛋白质与细胞增殖和分化,髓鞘调节和神经元活性调节有关。总之,WM可塑性的宏观测量得到分子和细胞证据的支持,并证实髓鞘形成是潜在的机制之一。无偏RNA测序分析确定了134个差异表达的基因,这些基因编码的蛋白质与细胞增殖和分化,髓鞘调节和神经元活性调节有关。总之,WM可塑性的宏观测量得到分子和细胞证据的支持,并证实髓鞘形成是潜在的机制之一。
更新日期:2020-01-27
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