An inappropriate diet, particularly excessive consumption of dietary fats and oils, may have a major negative impact on beta-cell function and cause type 2 diabetes mellitus. To investigate this issue, we examined the toxicity of free fatty acid (FFA) compositions mirroring the FFA profiles of various popular edible oils in human EndoC-βH1 beta-cells and in rat islets. For this purpose, we made compositions consisting exclusively of various FFAs in different volumetric percentages mimicking these oils and additionally mixtures of these compositions. Human EndoC-βH1 beta-cells were incubated with different oil compositions and the toxicity, lipid droplet formation, ER-stress, and H2O2 production were analyzed. Compositions with prominent content of saturated as well as unsaturated long-chain FFAs showed moderate but significant toxicity both in human EndoC-βH1 beta-cells and rat islets, however, without further measurable metabolic impairments. On the other hand compositions with high content of medium-chain FFAs revealed no toxicity. A composition with 50% of the very long-chain unsaturated FFA erucic acid caused high toxicity with concomitant peroxisomal H2O2 production. The toxicity of FFAs to human EndoC-βH1 beta-cells was dampened in mixtures of FFA compositions with a significant content of medium-chain FFAs, but not with a significant proportion of unsaturated FFAs.

中文翻译：

---

流行食用油在人EndoC-βH1β细胞中的脂肪酸谱毒性。

饮食不当，尤其是饮食中过多食用油脂，可能会对β细胞功能产生重大负面影响，并导致2型糖尿病。为了研究这个问题，我们检查了游离脂肪酸（FFA）组合物的毒性，该组合物在人EndoC-βH1β细胞和大鼠胰岛中反映了各种流行食用油的FFA谱。为此目的，我们制备了仅由不同体积百分比的各种FFA组成的组合物，其模仿这些油以及这些组合物的混合物。将人类EndoC-βH1β细胞与不同的油成分孵育，并分析毒性，脂质滴形成，ER应激和H2O2产生。饱和和不饱和长链FFA含量显着的组合物在人EndoC-βH1β细胞和大鼠胰岛中均显示出中等但明显的毒性，但是没有进一步可测量的代谢损伤。另一方面，具有高含量的中链FFA的组合物没有显示毒性。含有50％的非常长链不饱和FFA芥酸的组合物会产生高毒性，并伴随产生过氧化物酶体过氧化氢。FFA对人EndoC-βH1β细胞的毒性在中链FFA含量较高但不饱和FFA含量较高的FFA混合物中得到抑制。另一方面，具有高含量的中链FFA的组合物没有显示毒性。含有50％的非常长链不饱和FFA芥酸的组合物会产生高毒性，并伴随产生过氧化物酶体过氧化氢。FFA对人EndoC-βH1β细胞的毒性在中链FFA含量较高但不饱和FFA含量较高的FFA混合物中得到抑制。另一方面，具有高含量的中链FFA的组合物没有显示毒性。含有50％的非常长链不饱和FFA芥酸的组合物会产生高毒性，并伴随产生过氧化物酶体过氧化氢。FFA对人EndoC-βH1β细胞的毒性在中链FFA含量较高但不饱和FFA含量较高的FFA混合物中得到抑制。