The effects of glycated albumin on the expression of inflammatory cytokines in differentiated myotubes were investigated. Glycated albumin stimulates the expression of TNF α, IL-1β, IL-6 and CCL-2 both at the mRNA and protein levels via the receptor of AGEs. Various cytokines demonstrated different kinetics of stimulation by glycated albumin. At a high glucose concentration, the stimulation effect was more pronounced than at a low one. At physiological concentrations of albumin and fructosamine, the stimulation effect of glycated albumin on inflammatory cytokine expression in myotubes was also observed. The induction of expression of all studied cytokines was sensitive to the inhibitors of JNK, p38 MAPK, MEK1/2, Src family protein kinases and NF-κB. At the same time, the induction of TNFα and IL-1β was diminished by the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase inhibitor, whereas the induction of IL-6 and CCL-2 was reduced by the inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase. Possible implications of observed stimulation of cytokine expression by glycated albumin in the development of diabetes mellitus symptoms are discussed.

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糖化白蛋白刺激肌肉细胞中炎性细胞因子的表达

研究了糖化白蛋白对分化的肌管中炎性细胞因子表达的影响。糖化白蛋白通过 AGE 受体在 mRNA 和蛋白质水平刺激 TNF α、IL-1β、IL-6 和 CCL-2 的表达。各种细胞因子表现出不同的糖化白蛋白刺激动力学。在高葡萄糖浓度下，刺激效果比在低葡萄糖浓度下更明显。在白蛋白和果糖胺的生理浓度下，还观察到糖化白蛋白对肌管炎性细胞因子表达的刺激作用。所有研究细胞因子的表达诱导对 JNK、p38 MAPK、MEK1/2、Src 家族蛋白激酶和 NF-κB 的抑制剂敏感。同时，TNFα 和 IL-1β 的诱导被 Ca2+/钙调蛋白依赖性蛋白激酶抑制剂减弱，而 IL-6 和 CCL-2 的诱导被磷酸肌醇 3-激酶抑制剂减弱。讨论了观察到的糖化白蛋白刺激细胞因子表达在糖尿病症状发展中的可能影响。