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The physiological and toxicological effects of antibiotics on an interspecies insect model.
Chemosphere ( IF 8.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-25 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126019
Guannan Li 1 , Xuejuan Xia 2 , Shan Zhao 1 , Min Shi 1 , Fengdan Liu 1 , Yong Zhu 1
Affiliation  

Silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) has a clear genetic background, parts of which are highly homologous to certain genes related to human hereditary diseases. Thus, the species presents an excellent interspecies model for drug screening and microbe-host interaction studies. Chloramphenicol (CAM) and vancomycin (VCM) are antibiotics commonly used to treat specific bacterial infections in medical care, animal husbandry, and agriculture. However, inappropriate dosages and prolonged therapy increase their risk of toxicity. In this work, we investigated the physiological and toxicological responses of silkworm to combined oral administration of CAM and VCM. Results showed that antibiotics promote the feeding behavior of silkworm and significantly reduce (P < 0.05) intestinal cultivable bacterial counts. Moreover, antibiotics decreased the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione S-transferase, and thioredoxin reductase and caused oxidative damage to the silkworm intestine; the degree of damage was confirmed by histopathology analysis. The gene expression levels of antimicrobial peptides (attacin, lysozyme, and cecropins) were also perturbed by antibiotics. After antibiotic exposure, 16S rRNA metagenomic sequencing revealed increases in the relative abundance of Sphingobium, Burkholderia, Barnesiella, Bacteroides, Bradyrhizobium, Acinetobacter, Phenylobacterium, Plesiomonas, Escherichia/Shigella, and unclassified bacteria, as well as a reduction of Enterococcus. The metabolic and functional profiles of intestinal microbiota, particularly metabolic processes, such as energy, cofactors and vitamins, lipid, amino acid, and carbohydrate metabolisms, changed after antibiotic exposure. In conclusion, our findings reveal that antibiotics exert substantial effects on silkworm. The present study may promote the applications of silkworm as an interspecies model in the medical and pharmaceutical fields.

中文翻译:

抗生素对种间昆虫模型的生理和毒理作用。

蚕(Bombyx mori L.)具有明确的遗传背景,部分与与人类遗传性疾病有关的某些基因高度同源。因此,该物种为药物筛选和微生物-宿主相互作用研究提供了一个极好的种间模型。氯霉素(CAM)和万古霉素(VCM)是通常用于治疗医疗,畜牧业和农业中特定细菌感染的抗生素。但是,不适当的剂量和长期治疗会增加其毒性风险。在这项工作中,我们调查了家蚕联合口服CAM和VCM的生理和毒理反应。结果表明,抗生素可促进蚕的摄食行为,并显着减少(P <0.05)肠道可培养细菌数。此外,抗生素降低了超氧化物歧化酶,过氧化氢酶,谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和硫氧还蛋白还原酶的抗氧化酶活性,对家蚕肠造成氧化损伤。通过组织病理学分析证实损伤的程度。抗菌肽(连接素,溶菌酶和天蚕素)的基因表达水平也受到抗生素的干扰。暴露于抗生素后,16S rRNA宏基因组测序显示鞘氨醇单胞菌,伯克霍尔德氏菌,巴氏杆菌,拟杆菌,缓生根瘤菌,不动杆菌属,苯基细菌,弯曲杆菌,相对于未分类细菌的相对丰度增加,以及肠球菌减少。肠道菌群的代谢和功能特征,尤其是代谢过程,例如能量,辅助因子和维生素,脂质,氨基酸,和抗生素代谢后,碳水化合物的代谢发生变化。总之,我们的发现表明抗生素对蚕具有重要作用。本研究可能会促进蚕作为种间模型在医学和制药领域的应用。
更新日期:2020-01-26
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