To better understand the physiology and acclimation capability of the cell, one of the great challenges of the future is to access the interior of a cell and unveil its chemical landscape (composition and distribution of elements and molecules). Chemical imaging has greatly improved in sensitivity and spatial resolution to visualize and quantify nutrients, metabolites, toxic elements, and drugs in single cells at the subcellular level. This review aims to present the current potential of these emerging imaging technologies and to guide biologists towards a strategy for interrogating biological processes at the nanoscale. We also describe various solutions to combine multiple imaging techniques in a correlative way and provide perspectives and future directions for integrative subcellular imaging across different disciplines.

中文翻译：

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亚细胞化学成像：细胞生物学的新途径。

为了更好地了解细胞的生理学和适应能力，未来的一大挑战是进入细胞内部并揭示其化学结构（元素和分子的组成和分布）。化学成像极大地提高了灵敏度和空间分辨率，可以在亚细胞水平上可视化和量化单个细胞中的营养素，代谢产物，有毒元素和药物。这项审查旨在介绍这些新兴的成像技术的当前潜力，并指导生物学家朝着研究纳米尺度生物过程的策略发展。我们还将描述各种解决方案，以相关的方式组合多种成像技术，并为跨不同学科的整合亚细胞成像提供前景和未来方向。