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Human Organoids: Tools for Understanding Biology and Treating Diseases
Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease ( IF 36.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-24 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathmechdis-012419-032611
Frans Schutgens 1, 2 , Hans Clevers 1, 3
Affiliation  

Organoids are in vitro–cultured three-dimensional structures that recapitulate key aspects of in vivo organs. They can be established from pluripotent stem cells and from adult stem cells, the latter being the subject of this review. Organoids derived from adult stem cells exploit the tissue regeneration process that is driven by these cells, and they can be established directly from the healthy or diseased epithelium of many organs. Organoids are amenable to any experimental approach that has been developed for cell lines. Applications in experimental biology involve the modeling of tissue physiology and disease, including malignant, hereditary, and infectious diseases. Biobanks of patient-derived tumor organoids are used in drug development research, and they hold promise for developing personalized and regenerative medicine. In this review, we discuss the applications of adult stem cell–derived organoids in the laboratory and the clinic.

中文翻译:


人体器官:了解生物学和治疗疾病的工具

类器官是体外培养的三维结构,概括了体内器官的关键方面。它们可以由多能干细胞和成年干细胞建立,后者是本综述的主题。源自成体干细胞的类人生物利用这些细胞驱动的组织再生过程,可以直接从许多器官的健康或患病上皮中建立它们。类器官适用于为细胞系开发的任何实验方法。在实验生物学中的应用涉及组织生理学和疾病的建模,包括恶性,遗传性和传染性疾病。患者来源的肿瘤类器官的生物库用于药物开发研究中,它们有望开发出个性化和再生医学。在这篇评论中

更新日期:2020-04-21
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