Proteins carry out numerous biological functions in living cells and form a dynamic system under various physiological and pathological conditions. Advances in proteome quantitation strategies have deepened our understanding of complex biological processes. Herein, we highlight stable isotope labeling-based quantitation methods and discuss the properties of each method, directed by the features of quantitation ions. Furthermore, the applications of such methods in quantifying a variety of protein properties, including post-translational modifications, subcellular localization, turnover rate, secretion and variation in multicellular environments, are also summarized.

中文翻译：

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基于稳定同位素标记的蛋白质组相对定量方法的进展与应用

蛋白质在活细胞中执行多种生物学功能，并在各种生理和病理条件下形成动态系统。蛋白质组定量策略的进步加深了我们对复杂生物过程的理解。在这里，我们重点介绍基于同位素标记的稳定定量方法，并讨论每种方法的特性，这些方法由定量离子的特征决定。此外，还总结了这些方法在定量多种蛋白质特性中的应用，包括翻译后修饰，亚细胞定位，周转率，多细胞环境中的分泌和变异。