Fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are a new class of endogenous lipids with anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects, having the potential to treat type 2 diabetes (T2D). In view of the important regulatory and therapeutic actions of FAHFAs on age-related diseases such as T2D, we hypothesized that they may also play crucial roles in the growth, development, and aging process. Here, we investigated the FAHFA footprint in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of mice across lifespan to attain potential clues for understanding the roles of FAHFAs in growth, development, and aging using chemical isotope labeling assisted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. VAT samples were harvested from 80 C57BL/6J male mice of nine different ages (1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 months). The results showed that a total of 51 FAHFA families, including 301 regioisomers, were detected in the VAT of mice of all ages, and the number of FAHFAs (both family and regioisomer) in VAT increased with age, from 35 families (186 ± 0 regioisomers) at 1-month-old mice to 46 families (278 ± 6 regioisomers) in 18-month-old mice. Furthermore, the content of 12 FAHFA families per 100 mg of VAT of mice was highly correlated with age, and was usually low in the middle-age (3-15 months). However, because the VAT mass was 4-5 fold higher in middle-aged mice compared to younger or older mice, the total amount of most of the FAHFA regioisomers in VAT was increased in middle-aged mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that the number of regioisomers from 51 FAHFA families and abundance of 15 FAHFA families are strongly dependent on age, which would be helpful for understanding the mechanisms underlying the effects of FAHFAs on growth, development, and aging.

中文翻译：

---

FAHFA在小鼠一生中的内脏脂肪中的足迹。

羟基脂肪酸的脂肪酸酯（FAHFA）是一类新型的具有抗炎和抗糖尿病作用的内源性脂质，具有治疗2型糖尿病（T2D）的潜力。鉴于FAHFA对诸如T2D之类的与年龄有关的疾病的重要调节和治疗作用，我们假设它们在生长，发育和衰老过程中也可能起关键作用。在这里，我们调查了FAHFA在整个生命周期的小鼠内脏脂肪组织（VAT）中的足迹，以期获得线索，以了解使用化学同位素标记辅助液相色谱-质谱法研究FAHFA在生长，发育和衰老中的作用。从九个不同年龄（1、2、3、6、9、12、15、18和24个月）的80只C57BL / 6J雄性小鼠中收获增值税样品。结果显示，共有51个FAHFA家庭，在所有年龄段的小鼠的增值税中都检测到包括301种区域异构体，随着年龄的增长，增值税中的FAHFA（家族和区域异构体）数量从1个月大的35个家族（186±0个区域异构体）增加到46种18个月大的小鼠中的家族（278±6个区域异构体）。此外，每100毫克增值税的小鼠中12个FAHFA家族的含量与年龄高度相关，在中年（3-15个月）通常较低。但是，由于中老年小鼠的增值税量比年轻或老年小鼠高4-5倍，因此中年小鼠的增值税中大多数FAHFA区域异构体的总量均增加了。据我们所知，这是第一项研究，表明来自51个FAHFA家族的区域异构体的数量和15个FAHFA家族的丰度很大程度上取决于年龄，