The determination of organic and inorganic pollutants in fish samples is a complex and demanding process, due to their high protein and fat content. Various novel sorbents including graphene, graphene oxide, molecular imprinted polymers, carbon nanotubes and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been reported for the extraction and preconcentration of a wide range of contaminants from fish tissue. MOFs are crystalline porous materials that are composed of metal ions or clusters coordinated with organic linkers. Those materials exhibit extraordinary properties including high surface area, tunable pore size as well as good thermal and chemical stability. Therefore, metal-organic frameworks have been recently used in many fields of analytical chemistry including sample pretreatment, fabrication of stationary phases and chiral separations. Various MOFs, and especially their composites or hybrids, have been successfully utilized for the sample preparation of fish samples for the determination of organic (i.e., antibiotics, antimicrobial compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, etc.) and inorganic pollutants (i.e., mercury, palladium, cadmium, lead, etc.) as such or after functionalization with organic compounds.

中文翻译：

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利用金属-有机骨架复合材料从鱼类和海鲜中提取有机化合物和金属痕量的新方法

鱼类样品中的有机和无机污染物的测定是一个复杂而苛刻的过程，因为它们的蛋白质和脂肪含量很高。各种新型吸附剂，包括石墨烯、氧化石墨烯、分子印迹聚合物、碳纳米管和金属有机骨架 (MOF)，已被报道用于从鱼组织中提取和预浓缩各种污染物。MOF 是由金属离子或簇与有机连接体配位而成的结晶多孔材料。这些材料表现出非凡的特性，包括高表面积、可调孔径以及良好的热稳定性和化学稳定性。因此，金属有机骨架最近已用于分析化学的许多领域，包括样品预处理、固定相的制备和手性分离。各种 MOF，