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Effects of a nitrification inhibitor on nitrogen species in the soil and the yield and phosphorus uptake of maize.
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 9.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-24 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136895
Christian Vogel 1 , Ryo Sekine 2 , Jianyin Huang 3 , Daniel Steckenmesser 4 , Diedrich Steffens 4 , Thomas Huthwelker 5 , Camelia N Borca 5 , Ana E Pradas Del Real 6 , Hiram Castillo-Michel 6 , Christian Adam 1
Affiliation  

Phosphorus (P) resource availability is declining and the efficiency of applied nutrients in agricultural soils is becoming increasingly important. This is especially true for P fertilizers from recycled materials, which often have low plant availability. Specific co-fertilization with ammonium can enhance P plant availability in soils amended with these P fertilizers, and thus the yield of plants. To investigate this effect, we performed a pot experiment with maize in slightly acidic soil (pH 6.9) with one water-soluble (triple superphosphate [TSP]) and two water-insoluble (sewage sludge-based and hyperphosphate [Hyp]) P fertilizers and an ammonium sulfate nitrate with or without a nitrification inhibitor (NI). The dry matter yield of maize was significantly increased by the NI with the Hyp (from 14.7 to 21.5 g/pot) and TSP (from 40.0 to 45.4 g/pot) treatments. Furthermore, P uptake was slightly increased in all three P treatments with the NI, but not significantly. Olsen-P extraction and P K-edge micro-X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy showed that apatite-P of the water-insoluble P fertilizers mobilized during the plant growth period. In addition, novel nitrogen (N) K-edge micro-XANES spectroscopy and the Mogilevkina method showed that the application of an NI increased the fixation of ammonium in detectable hot spots in the soil. Thus, the delay in the nitrification process by the NI and the possible slow-release of temporarily fixed ammonium in the soil resulted in a high amount of plant available ammonium in the soil solution. This development probably decreases the rhizosphere pH due to release of H+ by plants during ammonium uptake, which mobilizes phosphorus in the amended soil and increases the dry matter yield of maize. This is especially important for water-insoluble apatite-based P fertilizers (conventional and recycled), which tend to have poor plant availability.

中文翻译:

硝化抑制剂对土壤氮素以及玉米产量和磷吸收的影响。

磷(P)资源的可用性正在下降,并且在农业土壤中施用养分的效率变得越来越重要。对于来自回收材料的磷肥来说尤其如此,而回收磷肥通常利用率很低。与铵的特定联合施肥可以提高用这些磷肥改良的土壤中磷的利用率,从而提高植物的产量。为了研究这种效果,我们用一种水溶性(三重过磷酸钙[TSP])和两种水溶性不溶(污水污泥基和高磷酸盐[Hyp])P肥料在弱酸性土壤(pH 6.9)下进行了玉米盆栽试验。硝酸铵和硫酸铵,带有或不带有硝化抑制剂(NI)。通过使用Hyp(从14.7到21.5 g /盆)和TSP(从40.0到45),NI显着提高了玉米的干物质产量。4克/罐)的处理。此外,在使用NI的所有三种P处理中,P吸收均略有增加,但并不显着。Olsen-P提取和P K边缘微X射线吸收近边缘结构(XANES)光谱表明,水不溶性P肥料的磷灰石P在植物生长期活动。此外,新型氮(N)K边缘微XANES光谱法和Mogilevkina方法表明,NI的应用增加了土壤中可检测到的热点对铵的固定。因此,NI硝化过程的延迟以及土壤中暂时固定的铵盐可能的缓慢释放导致土壤溶液中大量的植物可用铵盐。这种发展可能是由于植物在吸收铵期间释放H +导致根际pH降低,它可以动员改良土壤中的磷并增加玉米的干物质产量。这对于水不溶性磷灰石基磷肥(常规和循环使用)尤其重要,因为磷肥往往缺乏植物。
更新日期:2020-01-24
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