Sustainable and economically feasible treatment on oily sewage is of great significance. Herein, the benzoxazine monomer (C-fa) derived from renewable feedstock was facilely in-situ polymerized on the skeleton of melamine sponge (MS), accompanied with SiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs). Due to the robust hydrophobicity of poly(C-fa) and the as constructed nano-micro hierarchical structure, the as-fabricated porous composite (PBZ-SiO₂-MS) showed wide applicability in oily sewage remediation, including selective absorption of layered oil/water mixture, separation of surfactant stabilized W/O and O/W emulsion with ultrahigh separation efficiency (higher than 99.9%) and satisfactory permeation flux (1300 L m^-2 h^-1). In addition, the remarkable flame retardancy of polybenzoxazine and MS, as well as its high absorption speed and capacity, endowed PBZ-SiO₂-MSs with great ability to confine the flame range and prevent the potential explosion when spilled oil is ignited. This easy fabricated, low cost and versatile PBZ-SiO₂-MSs illustrated an ingenious example of the integration of the high material performance and green chemistry concept.

对含油污水进行可持续和经济可行的处理具有重要意义。在此，衍生自可再生原料的苯并恶嗪单体（C-fa）容易地在三聚氰胺海绵（MS）的骨架上原位聚合，并伴随着SiO ₂纳米粒子（NP）。由于聚（C-fa）的强疏水性和所构造的纳米-微分层结构，所制造的多孔复合材料（PBZ-SiO ₂ -MS）在含油污水修复中具有广泛的适用性，包括对层状油的选择性吸收/水混合物，分离表面活性剂稳定的W / O和O / W乳液，具有超高的分离效率（高于99.9％）和令人满意的渗透通量（1300 L m ^-2 h ^-1）。此外，聚苯并恶嗪和MS具有非凡的阻燃性，以及其高吸收速度和高容量，赋予PBZ-SiO ₂ -MS具有极大的限制火焰范围并防止溢出的油着火时潜在爆炸的能力。这种易于制造，价格低廉且用途广泛的PBZ-SiO ₂ -MSs很好地说明了高材料性能和绿色化学概念相结合的例子。