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The Daisho Peptides Mediate Drosophila Defense Against a Subset of Filamentous Fungi.
Frontiers in Immunology ( IF 7.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-23 , DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00009
Lianne B Cohen 1 , Scott A Lindsay 1 , Yangyang Xu 1 , Samuel J H Lin 1 , Steven A Wasserman 1
Affiliation  

Fungal infections, widespread throughout the world, affect a broad range of life forms, including agriculturally relevant plants, humans, and insects. In defending against fungal infections, the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster employs the Toll pathway to induce a large number of immune peptides. Some have been investigated, such as the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and Bomanins (Boms); many, however, remain uncharacterized. Here, we examine the role in innate immunity of two related peptides, Daisho1 and Daisho2 (formerly IM4 and IM14, respectively), found in hemolymph following Toll pathway activation. By generating a CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of both genes, Δdaisho, we find that the Daisho peptides are required for defense against a subset of filamentous fungi, including Fusarium oxysporum, but not other Toll-inducible pathogens, such as Enterococcus faecalis and Candida glabrata. Analysis of null alleles and transgenes revealed that the two daisho genes are each required for defense, although their functions partially overlap. Generating and assaying a genomic epitope-tagged Daisho2 construct, we detected interaction in vitro of Daisho2 peptide in hemolymph with the hyphae of F. oxysporum. Together, these results identify the Daisho peptides as a new class of innate immune effectors with humoral activity against a select set of filamentous fungi.

中文翻译:

Daisho 肽介导果蝇对丝状真菌亚群的防御。

真菌感染在世界各地普遍存在,影响范围广泛的生命形式,包括与农业相关的植物、人类和昆虫。在防御真菌感染时,果蝇 Drosophila melanogaster 利用 Toll 途径诱导大量免疫肽。一些已经被研究过,例如抗菌肽(AMPs)和Bomanins(Boms);然而,许多人仍然没有特征。在这里,我们研究了在 Toll 通路激活后在血淋巴中发现的两种相关肽 Daisho1 和 Daisho2(分别为 IM4 和 IM14)在先天免疫中的作用。通过对两个基因 Δdaisho 进行 CRISPR/Cas9 敲除,我们发现 Daisho 肽是防御丝状真菌亚群所必需的,包括尖孢镰刀菌,但不是其他 Toll 诱导型病原体,如粪肠球菌和光滑念珠菌。对无效等位基因和转基因的分析表明,这两个 daisho 基因都是防御所必需的,尽管它们的功能部分重叠。生成和分析基因组表位标记的 Daisho2 构建体,我们检测了血淋巴中 Daisho2 肽与尖孢镰刀菌菌丝的体外相互作用。总之,这些结果将 Daisho 肽鉴定为一类新的先天免疫效应物,对一组选定的丝状真菌具有体液活性。我们在体外检测到血淋巴中的 Daisho2 肽与尖孢镰刀菌菌丝的相互作用。总之,这些结果将 Daisho 肽鉴定为一类新的先天免疫效应物,对一组选定的丝状真菌具有体液活性。我们在体外检测到血淋巴中的 Daisho2 肽与尖孢镰刀菌菌丝的相互作用。总之,这些结果将 Daisho 肽鉴定为一类新的先天免疫效应物,对一组选定的丝状真菌具有体液活性。
更新日期:2020-01-23
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