Interleukin 6 (IL-6), being a major component of homeostasis, immunomodulation, and hematopoiesis, manifests multiple pathological conditions when upregulated in response to viral, microbial, carcinogenic, or autoimmune stimuli. High fidelity immunosensors offer real-time monitoring of IL-6 and facilitate early prognosis of life-threatening diseases. Different approaches to augment robustness and enhance overall performance of biosensors have been demonstrated over the past few years. Electrochemical- and fluorescence-based detection methods with integrated electronics have been subjects of intensive research due to their ability to offer a better signal-to-noise ratio, high specificity, ultra-sensitivity, and wide dynamic range. In this review, the pleiotropic role of IL-6 and its clinical significance is discussed in detail, followed by detection schemes devised so far for their quantitative analysis. A critical review on underlying signal amplification strategies and performance of electrochemical and optical biosensors is presented. In conclusion, we discuss the reliability and feasibility of the proposed detection technologies for commercial applications.

中文翻译：

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用于检测白介素6的电化学和光学生物传感器的最新进展。

白细胞介素6（IL-6）是体内稳态，免疫调节和造血功能的主要组成部分，当对病毒，微生物，致癌或自身免疫刺激作出上调时，会表现出多种病理状况。高保真免疫传感器可提供IL-6的实时监控，并有助于威胁生命的疾病的早期预后。在过去的几年中，已经证明了增强生物传感器的鲁棒性和整体性能的不同方法。集成电子技术的基于电化学和荧光的检测方法因其具有提供更好的信噪比，高特异性，超灵敏性和宽动态范围的能力而受到广泛研究。在这篇综述中，详细讨论了IL-6的多效性作用及其临床意义，其次是迄今为止为定量分析设计的检测方案。提出了对潜在的信号放大策略以及电化学和光学生物传感器性能的评论。总之，我们讨论了用于商业应用的建议检测技术的可靠性和可行性。