N2O and NO emissions from a winter wheat-summer maize rotation field in the North China Plain were comparably investigated under three different treatments: 1) flood irrigation (A-Flood treatment) plus fertilization of NH4Cl, 2) drip fertigation (A-Drip treatment) plus fertilization of NH4Cl and 3) drip fertigation (AN-Drip treatment) plus fertilization of a mixture of Ca(NO3)2 and NH4Cl. The annual N2O cumulative emissions from the A-Drip treatment and the A-Flood treatment were almost identical, whereas it from the AN-Drip treatment was significantly lower (33%) than that from the A-Flood treatment. Compared with the A-Flood treatment, the annual NO cumulative emission from the A-Drip treatment was significantly increased by 140% but it from the AN-Drip treatment was only slightly increased by 14%. Compared with drip fertigation with NH4Cl, drip fertigation with the mixture of Ca(NO3)2 and NH4Cl significantly reduced the cumulative emissions of N2O (31%) and NO (52%) from the nitrification dominated fields by decreasing the supplement of NH4+ substrate. Among the three fertilization treatments, the yields of the maize from the A-Drip and AN-Drip treatments were significantly increased, while the yields of the wheat were almost the same. Considering the benefit of increasing yields and reducing N fertilizer and water input, the application of nitrate-based fertilizer instead of partial ammonium-based fertilizer through drip fertigation could be a promising method for keeping agronomic productivity and environmental sustainability.

中文翻译：

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华北平原农田间滴灌施氮肥类型对N2O和NO排放的影响。

对华北平原冬小麦-夏季玉米轮作田的N2O和NO排放进行了三种不同处理的比较研究：1）洪水灌溉（A-洪水处理）加NH4Cl施肥，2）滴灌施肥（A-滴灌处理） ）加上NH4Cl的施肥和3）滴灌施肥（AN-滴灌处理）加上Ca（NO3）2和NH4Cl的混合物的施肥。A-滴灌处理和A-Flood处理的年度N2O累积排放量几乎相同，而AN-Drip处理的N2O累积排放量显着低于A-Flood处理的33％。与A-Flood处理相比，A-Drip处理的年NO累积排放量显着增加了140％，而AN-Drip处理的年累积NO排放量仅略微增加了14％。与NH4Cl滴灌施肥相比，Ca（NO3）2和NH4Cl的混合物滴灌施肥通过减少NH4 +底物的添加量，显着减少了硝化占主导地位的田地的N2O（31％）和NO（52％）的累积排放。在这三种施肥处理中，A-滴灌和AN-Drip处理的玉米产量显着增加，而小麦的产量几乎相同。考虑到增加产量和减少氮肥和水输入量的好处，通过滴灌施肥使用硝酸盐基肥料代替部分铵基肥料可能是保持农业生产力和环境可持续性的一种有前途的方法。