BACKGROUND Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) represent one of the leading issues to patient safety as well as a significant economic burden. Similarly, Antimicrobial Use (AMU) and Resistance (AMR) represent a growing threat to global public health and the sustainability of healthcare services. METHODS A Point Prevalence Survey (PPS) following the 2016 ECDC protocol for HAI prevalence and AMU was conducted at Ferrara University Hospital (FUH). Data were collected by a team of trained independent surveyors in 2016 and 2018. Risk factors independently associated with HAI were assessed by a multivariate logistic regression model. RESULTS Of the 1102 patients surveyed, 115 (10.4%) had an active HAI and 487 (44.2%) were on at least 1 systemic antimicrobial agent. Factors independently associated with increased HAI risk were a "Rapidly Fatal" McCabe score (expected fatal outcome within 1 year), presence of medical devices (PVC, CVC, indwelling urinary catheter or mechanically assisted ventilation) and a length of hospital stay of at least 1 week. The most frequent types of HAI were pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and urinary tract infections. Antimicrobial resistance to third-generation cephalosporins was observed in about 60% of Enterobacteriaceae. CONCLUSIONS The survey reports a high prevalence of HAI and AMU in FUH. Repeated PPSs are useful to control HAIs and AMU in large acute-care hospitals, highlighting the main problematic factors and allowing planning for improvement actions.

中文翻译：

---

意大利费拉拉大学医院对与医疗保健相关的感染和抗菌药物使用情况进行了为期2年的点流行率监测。

背景技术与医疗保健相关的感染（HAI）代表了患者安全以及巨大的经济负担的主要问题之一。同样，抗菌药物使用（AMU）和耐药性（AMR）对全球公共卫生和医疗服务的可持续性构成了越来越大的威胁。方法在费拉拉大学医院（FUH）遵循2016 ECDC协议对HAI患病率和AMU进行了点患病率调查（PPS）。数据是由一组训练有素的独立测量师在2016年和2018年收集的。通过多元logistic回归模型评估了与HAI相关的独立风险因素。结果在接受调查的1102例患者中，有115例（10.4％）患有活动性HAI，而487例（44.2％）的患者至少使用了一种系统性抗菌剂。与HAI风险增加有关的独立因素是“ 留置导尿管或机械辅助通气），住院时间至少1周。HAI的最常见类型是肺炎，血液感染和尿路感染。在约60％的肠杆菌科细菌中观察到了对第三代头孢菌素的抗药性。结论该调查报告在FUH中HAI和AMU的患病率很高。重复的PPS对控制大型急诊医院的HAI和AMU非常有用，突出了主要问题因素并允许制定改善措施的计划。留置导尿管或机械辅助通气），住院时间至少1周。HAI的最常见类型是肺炎，血液感染和尿路感染。在约60％的肠杆菌科细菌中观察到了对第三代头孢菌素的抗药性。结论该调查报告在FUH中HAI和AMU的患病率很高。重复的PPS对控制大型急诊医院的HAI和AMU非常有用，突出了主要问题因素并允许制定改善措施的计划。结论该调查报告在FUH中HAI和AMU的患病率很高。重复的PPS对控制大型急诊医院的HAI和AMU非常有用，突出了主要问题因素并允许制定改善措施的计划。结论该调查报告在FUH中HAI和AMU的患病率很高。重复的PPS在控制大型急诊医院的HAI和AMU时很有用，突出了主要问题因素并允许计划改进措施。