BACKGROUND Little is known about the relationship between sleep and obesity in young adults, particularly college students. This study examined the relationship between sleep (i.e., sleep duration and quality) and obesity in a large and diverse binational sample of college students. METHODS Analyses were based on a 40-item paper survey from 2016/2017 to 2017/2018 academic years, with a 72% response rate. The samples were 1578 college students aged 18-25 years from five universities (two in the U.S. and three in South Korea). Weight and height were measured objectively; other measures (e.g., health behaviors) were self-reported. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess the association between sleep duration and independent variables (race/nationality, gender, and BMI). Poisson regression was used to examine the relationship between sleep quality and independent variables. RESULTS Overall, blacks had a higher adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of short sleep (< 7 h/night) than whites (AOR = 1.74, P < .01); overweight participants had a higher AOR of short sleep than normal weight participants (AOR = 1.52, P < .01); and obese participants had a higher AORs of both short and long sleep (> 9 h/night) (AOR = 1.67, P < .01; AOR = 1.79, P < .05, respectively). Among men, being black, overweight, and obesity were associated with short sleep (P < .05), whereas only obesity was related to short sleep among women (P < .05). In analyses stratified by race and nationality, overweight and obesity were related to short sleep among blacks only (P < .05). Overall, sleep quality (getting enough sleep to feel rested in the morning in the past 7 days) was worse in blacks and South Koreans than whites (P < .05), worse in women than men (P < .05), and worse in participants with obesity than normal weight participants (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Obesity was associated with both short (< 7 h/night) and long sleep duration (> 9 h/night) and poor sleep quality among all participants. In comparison with whites, blacks were more like to have short sleep, and blacks and South Koreans had worse sleep quality. Further investigations using a larger sample of college students in multiple countries may be helpful to identify target populations who are at a greater risk of obesity and sleep problems.

中文翻译：

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美国和韩国大学生的睡眠与肥胖之间的关系。

背景技术关于年轻人，特别是大学生的睡眠与肥胖之间的关系知之甚少。这项研究在大量不同国家的大学生样本中研究了睡眠（即睡眠时间和质量）与肥胖之间的关系。方法分析基于2016/2017至2017/2018学年的40项论文调查，答复率为72％。样本来自五所大学（美国两所，韩国三所）的1578名18-25岁的大学生。体重和身高是客观测量的；其他措施（例如健康行为）是自我报告的。多项式逻辑回归用于评估睡眠时间与独立变量（种族/国籍，性别和BMI）之间的关联。泊松回归用于检验睡眠质量和自变量之间的关系。结果总的来说，黑人的短期睡眠（<7小时/晚）调整后的优势比（AOR）比白人（AOR = 1.74，P <.01）高。超重参与者的短期睡眠AOR高于正常体重参与者（AOR = 1.52，P <.01）；肥胖参与者的短期和长期睡眠（> 9 h / night）的AOR较高（分别为AOR = 1.67，P <.01； AOR = 1.79，P <.05）。在男性中，黑人，超重和肥胖与短暂睡眠有关（P <.05），而在肥胖中，女性与短暂睡眠相关（P <.05）。在按种族和国籍进行分层的分析中，超重和肥胖仅与黑人的短暂睡眠有关（P <.05）。总体，黑人和韩国人的睡眠质量（在过去的7天中有足够的睡眠以使早晨休息）比白人（P <.05）差，白人比男人（P <.05）差，参与者的差劲肥胖的人比正常体重的参与者（P <.05）。结论肥胖与短时间（<7小时/晚）和长睡眠时间（> 9小时/晚）以及睡眠质量差有关。与白人相比，黑人更喜欢睡眠不足，黑人和韩国人的睡眠质量较差。使用来自多个国家的大量大样本学生进行的进一步调查可能有助于确定肥胖和睡眠问题风险更大的目标人群。女性比男性更糟（P <.05），肥胖参与者比正常体重参与者更糟（P <.05）。结论肥胖与短时间（<7小时/晚）和长睡眠时间（> 9小时/晚）以及睡眠质量差有关。与白人相比，黑人更喜欢睡眠不足，黑人和韩国人的睡眠质量较差。使用来自多个国家的大量大样本学生进行的进一步调查可能有助于确定肥胖和睡眠问题风险更大的目标人群。女性比男性更糟（P <.05），肥胖参与者比正常体重参与者更糟（P <.05）。结论肥胖与短时间（<7小时/晚）和长睡眠时间（> 9小时/晚）以及睡眠质量差有关。与白人相比，黑人更喜欢睡眠不足，黑人和韩国人的睡眠质量较差。使用来自多个国家的大量大样本学生进行的进一步调查可能有助于确定肥胖和睡眠问题风险更大的目标人群。9小时/夜），所有参与者的睡眠质量均较差。与白人相比，黑人更喜欢睡眠不足，黑人和韩国人的睡眠质量较差。使用来自多个国家的大量大样本学生进行的进一步调查可能有助于确定肥胖和睡眠问题风险更大的目标人群。9小时/夜），所有参与者的睡眠质量均较差。与白人相比，黑人更喜欢睡眠不足，黑人和韩国人的睡眠质量较差。使用来自多个国家的大量大样本学生进行的进一步调查可能有助于确定肥胖和睡眠问题风险更高的目标人群。