The paper presents a diffuse vacuum arc with heated cathode made of ceramic (CeO 2 ) and metal (Cr) mixture, initiated and studied for the first time. Plasma sources of multicomponent mixtures are demanded for plasma based methods of rare-earths recycling and spent nuclear fuel reprocessing, which are currently under development. The discharge current–voltage characteristic was measured for different cathode temperatures (1950–2250 K); in the range of the arc current 30–100 A the voltage varied from 6 to 11 V. A cooling effect of the mixed cathode due to the thermionic emission at presence of the arc plasma was found; the effect reached about 150 W at the arc current of 30 A. The cooling effect and the current–voltage characteristic distinguish the discharge from the diffuse vacuum arcs with single-component cathodes made of cerium dioxide and chromium. The plasma parameters and optical emission spectra were analyzed for various cathode temperatures and arc currents (el...

中文翻译：

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扩散真空电弧，带有由陶瓷（CeO 2）和金属（Cr）混合物制成的加热阴极

本文首次提出并研究了带有由陶瓷（CeO 2）和金属（Cr）混合物制成的加热阴极的扩散真空电弧。基于等离子体的稀土回收和乏核燃料后处理方法需要多组分混合物的等离子体源，这些方法目前正在开发中。测量了不同阴极温度（1950–2250 K）的放电电流-电压特性；在电弧电流30–100 A的范围内，电压在6至11 V之间变化。发现了混合阴极的冷却效果，这是由于在电弧等离子体存在下的热电子发射引起的。在30 A的电弧电流下，效果达到约150W。冷却效果和电流-电压特性将放电与弥散的真空电弧区别开来，后者是由二氧化铈和铬制成的单组分阴极。分析了各种阴极温度和电弧电流（EL ...