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Critical study of crop-derived biochars for soil amendment and pharmaceutical ecotoxicity reduction.
Chemosphere ( IF 8.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-22 , DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125976
Magda Caban 1 , Agnieszka Folentarska 2 , Hanna Lis 1 , Paulina Kobylis 1 , Aleksandra Bielicka-Giełdoń 1 , Jolanta Kumirska 1 , Wojciech Ciesielski 2 , Piotr Stepnowski 1
Affiliation  

In this study, biochars (BCs) produced from crops (straw and seeds) were tested for the applicability as additive to soils. The effect on pH, water capacity and cation exchange capacity of soil were tested. The ability for the sorption of pharmaceuticals (beta-blockers, anti-inflammatory drugs, sulfonamides, 17α-ethinylestradiol, carbamazepine, caffeine) using the batch sorption test was performed, and the effect of water pH was investigated. In addition, the metals removed from the biochar was analyzed as a potential toxicity factor. The mechanism of adsorption (Langmuir, Freundlich) was tested for sulfadimetoxine. The effect of the rye-derived biochar on water cress germination and the reduction of the sulfonamides toxicity to this plant was tested. The advantages of crop-derived biochar application to different soils (sand soil, clay soil and reference soil) was presented. It was found that tested BCs effectively increase the water capacity of soils, especially sand type soil, but in the same time it had increase the pH of pure-buffering soils. The driving force of pharmaceutical sorption was its ionization form - the highest sorption occurs for cations, medium for neutral forms, while the lowest sorption for anions. The opposite situation have been noted for desorption from biochar. The washing of biochars increases sorption for the neutral and anionic species, but not for the cations. The application of biochars into the soils can from one site protect the plants from toxic impact of sulfonamides, but from the other hamper the root prolongation by the pH increase.

中文翻译:

作物衍生生物炭用于土壤改良和降低药物生态毒性的关键研究。

在这项研究中,测试了从农作物(稻草和种子)产生的生物炭(BCs)作为土壤添加剂的适用性。测试了其对土壤pH,水容量和阳离子交换容量的影响。使用分批吸附测试进行了药物(β-阻滞剂,抗炎药,磺酰胺,17α-炔雌醇,卡马西平,咖啡因)的吸附能力,并研究了水pH值的影响。另外,分析了从生物炭中去除的金属作为潜在的毒性因子。测试了磺胺二甲嘧啶的吸附机理(Langmuir,Freundlich)。测试了黑麦衍生的生物炭对水芹种子萌发的影响以及磺胺类对该植物的毒性降低。作物衍生生物炭在不同土壤(沙土,介绍了粘土和参考土。发现经测试的BCs有效地增加了土壤的水分容量,特别是砂型土壤,但同时增加了纯缓冲土壤的pH值。药物吸附的驱动力是其电离形式-阳离子的吸附量最高,中性形式的介质量最高,而阴离子的吸附量最低。从生物炭中解吸的情况相反。生物炭的洗涤增加了中性和阴离子物质的吸附,但不增加阳离子的吸附。将生物炭施用到土壤中可以从一个位置保护植物免受磺酰胺的毒性影响,但从另一个位置可以通过增加pH来阻止根系延长。特别是沙土,但同时增加了纯缓冲土的pH值。药物吸附的驱动力是其电离形式-阳离子的吸附量最高,中性形式的介质量最高,而阴离子的吸附量最低。从生物炭中解吸的情况相反。生物炭的洗涤增加了中性和阴离子物质的吸附,但不增加阳离子的吸附。将生物炭施用到土壤中可以从一个位置保护植物免受磺酰胺的毒性影响,但从另一个位置可以通过增加pH来阻止根系延长。特别是沙土,但同时增加了纯缓冲土的pH值。药物吸附的驱动力是其电离形式-阳离子的吸附量最高,中性形式的介质量最高,而阴离子的吸附量最低。从生物炭中解吸的情况相反。生物炭的洗涤增加了中性和阴离子物质的吸附,但不增加阳离子的吸附。将生物炭施用到土壤中可以从一个位置保护植物免受磺酰胺的毒性影响,但从另一个位置可以通过增加pH来阻止根系延长。介质为中性形式,而对阴离子的吸附最低。从生物炭中解吸的情况相反。生物炭的洗涤增加了中性和阴离子物质的吸附,但不增加阳离子的吸附。将生物炭施用到土壤中可以从一个位置保护植物免受磺酰胺的毒性影响,但从另一个位置可以通过增加pH来阻止根系延长。介质为中性形式,而对阴离子的吸附最低。从生物炭中解吸的情况相反。生物炭的洗涤增加了中性和阴离子物质的吸附,但不增加阳离子的吸附。将生物炭施用到土壤中可以从一个位置保护植物免受磺酰胺的毒性影响,但从另一个位置可以通过增加pH来阻止根系延长。
更新日期:2020-01-23
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