Abstract The relationship between bruise susceptibility and internal damage energy with impact velocity has been investigated using two pear cultivars. Bruise susceptibility of both pear cultivars increased with the increasing impact velocity, stabilizing at the highest impact velocity of 3 cm3 J−1. Internal damage energy also increased with higher impact velocity. The internal damage energy was close to 0 for impact velocities at which pear bruising did not occur. The bruise depth and width measured 48 h after the impact, as well as the peak deformation and contact width directly during the impact were also determined. For the three largest velocities (1-1.5 m s−1) the bruise depth was 2.5 times larger than the peak deformation. For the same velocities the contact width was 1.4 times greater than the bruise width which can lead to erroneous estimation of critical stress from the bruise width. The impact results recorded by means of high speed camera were analyzed using Tema Motion software to obtain displacement and velocity in time. Additionally, the software allowed calculating the contact width of the pear with a flat rigid plate at any time of impact.

中文翻译：

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冲击载荷条件下梨的擦伤敏感性和能量耗散分析

摘要 用两个梨品种研究了擦伤敏感性和内部损伤能量与冲击速度之间的关系。两个梨品种的瘀伤敏感性随着冲击速度的增加而增加，稳定在 3 cm3 J-1 的最高冲击速度。内部损伤能量也随着冲击速度的增加而增加。对于未发生梨挫伤的冲击速度，内部损伤能量接近于 0。还确定了撞击后 48 小时测量的瘀伤深度和宽度，以及撞击期间直接的峰值变形和接触宽度。对于三个最大速度 (1-1.5 ms-1)，擦伤深度是峰值变形的 2.5 倍。对于相同的速度，接触宽度为 1。比压痕宽度大 4 倍，这会导致根据压痕宽度错误估计临界应力。利用Tema Motion软件对高速摄像机记录的冲击结果进行分析，及时获得位移和速度。此外，该软件允许在任何撞击时间计算梨与刚性平板的接触宽度。