Drug repurposing has attracted increased attention, especially in the context of drug discovery rates that remain too low despite a recent wave of approvals for biological therapeutics (e.g. gene therapy). These new biological entities-based treatments have high costs that are difficult to justify for small markets that include rare diseases. Drug repurposing, involving the identification of single or combinations of existing drugs based on human genetics data and network biology approaches represents a next-generation approach that has the potential to increase the speed of drug discovery at a lower cost. This Pharmacological Perspective reviews progress and perspectives in combining human genetics, especially genome-wide association studies, with network biology to drive drug repurposing for rare and common diseases with monogenic or polygenic etiologies. Also, highlighted here are important features of this next generation approach to drug repurposing, which can be combined with machine learning methods to meet the challenges of personalized medicine.

中文翻译：

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使用人类遗传学和网络生物学的下一代药物再利用。

药物再利用引起了越来越多的关注，特别是在药物发现率仍然过低的情况下，尽管最近出现了一波生物疗法（例如基因疗法）的批准浪潮。这些基于生物实体的新疗法成本高昂，对于包括罕见疾病在内的小市场而言，这些成本难以证明是合理的。药物再利用，涉及基于人类遗传学数据和网络生物学方法识别现有药物的单一或组合，代表了下一代方法，它有可能以更低的成本提高药物发现的速度。本药理学观点回顾了结合人类遗传学，特别是全基因组关联研究的进展和观点，利用网络生物学推动药物再利用，用于治疗具有单基因或多基因病因的罕见和常见疾病。此外，这里强调的是这种下一代药物再利用方法的重要特征，它可以与机器学习方法相结合，以应对个性化医疗的挑战。