It is without question that immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cellular therapies have revolutionized the treatment of solid and hematologic malignancies. Investigators are now developing novel strategies to integrate these groundbreaking modalities into the care of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other myeloid malignancies. Here we provide an overview of the most recent developments in immunotherapy for myeloid cancers presented at the 2018 American Society of Hematology annual meeting. Topics discussed include adoptive cellular therapies (CAR-T, NK cell, and vaccines), checkpoint inhibitors, and bispecific T-cell engager (BITE) antibodies. Despite reservations regarding low antigenicity and having long been considered a “cold” tumor, immunotherapy remains a highly promising strategy for patients with aggressive myeloid cancers like myelodysplasia (MDS) and AML.

毫无疑问，免疫检查点抑制剂和过继细胞疗法已经彻底改变了实体瘤和血液恶性肿瘤的治疗。研究人员目前正在开发新的策略，将这些突破性的方法整合到急性髓系白血病 (AML) 和其他髓系恶性肿瘤患者的护理中。在此，我们概述了 2018 年美国血液学会年会上提出的骨髓癌免疫治疗的最新进展。讨论的主题包括过继细胞疗法（CAR-T、NK 细胞和疫苗）、检查点抑制剂和双特异性 T 细胞接合器 (BITE) 抗体。尽管人们对低抗原性持保留态度，并且长期以来被认为是一种“冷”肿瘤，但对于患有侵袭性骨髓癌（如骨髓增生异常（MDS）和 AML）的患者来说，免疫疗法仍然是一种非常有前途的策略。