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Understanding sex differences in cognitive insight across first-and-multiple episode psychosis
Schizophrenia Research ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2019.12.024
Danielle Penney 1 , Ridha Joober 2 , Ashok Malla 2 , Martin Lepage 2
Affiliation  

OBJECTIVE Cognitive insight represents the capacity to self-reflect and consider external feedback when re-evaluating faulty beliefs. It is associated with specific cognitive capacities such as verbal memory, of which there is substantial evidence for sex differences in psychotic disorders. Like more general cognitive capacities, cognitive insight might too be modulated by sex differences. METHOD One hundred and seventy-one first episode psychosis (FEP; 123 males, 48 females), and 203 multiple episode psychosis (MEP; 147 males, 56 females) participants completed the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS). A two-way MANOVA was conducted on the three BCIS measures (self-reflectiveness, self-certainty, composite index) with sex (male, female) and illness stage (FEP, MEP) as factors, followed by two-way ANOVAs and a post hoc test of simple effects. RESULTS The only significant interaction to emerge was between sex and illness stage in self-certainty (F(1, 373) = 5.88, p = .016). A test of simple effects revealed that self-certainty group means were significantly different for males and females in FEP, where females had lower self-certainty than males (p = .053) but not during MEP (p = .119). CONCLUSION Sex differences do not modulate cognitive insight in MEP, which may be attributable to females having greater positive symptom severity than males. In FEP however, results revealed that females were significantly less self-certain than males. Lower self-certainty relative to self-reflectiveness predicts treatment response in psychological interventions, and as such future FEP studies should explore sex differences in psychological interventions.

中文翻译:

了解首次发作和多发性精神病的认知洞察力的性别差异

目标认知洞察力代表在重新评估错误信念时自我反省和考虑外部反馈的能力。它与特定的认知能力有关,例如语言记忆,其中有大量证据表明精神障碍的性别差异。与更一般的认知能力一样,认知洞察力也可能受到性别差异的影响。方法 171 名首发精神病(FEP;123 名男性,48 名女性)和 203 名多发性精神病(MEP;147 名男性,56 名女性)参与者完成了贝克认知洞察量表 (BCIS)。以性别(男性、女性)和疾病阶段(FEP、MEP)为因素对三个 BCIS 测量(自我反思、自我确定性、复合指数)进行双向 MANOVA,然后进行双向方差分析和简单效应的事后检验。结果 唯一显着的相互作用是性别和疾病阶段的自我确定性(F(1, 373) = 5.88, p = .016)。一项简单效应检验表明,FEP 中男性和女性的自我确定性组均值显着不同,其中女性的自我确定性低于男性 (p = .053),但在 MEP 期间则不然 (p = .119)。结论 性别差异不会影响 MEP 的认知洞察力,这可能是由于女性的阳性症状严重程度高于男性。然而,在 FEP 中,结果显示女性的自信心明显低于男性。与自我反思相比,较低的自我确定性预示着心理干预中的治疗反应,因此未来的 FEP 研究应该探索心理干预中的性别差异。
更新日期:2020-04-01
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