Under some conditions, light boson fields grow exponentially around a rotating black hole, called the superradiance instability. We discuss effects of nonlinear interactions of the boson on the instability. In particular, we focus on the effect of the particle production and show that the growth of the boson cloud may be saturated much before the black hole spin is extracted by the boson cloud, while the nonlinear interactions also induce the boson emission. For application, we revisit the superradiant instability of the standard model photon, axion and hidden photon.

中文翻译：

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非线性效应对黑洞超辐射的影响

在某些条件下，轻玻色子场围绕旋转黑洞呈指数增长，称为超辐射不稳定性。我们讨论玻色子的非线性相互作用对不稳定性的影响。特别是，我们关注粒子产生的影响，并表明在玻色子云提取黑洞自旋之前，玻色子云的增长可能已经饱和，而非线性相互作用也会引起玻色子发射。对于应用，我们重新审视了标准模型光子、轴子和隐藏光子的超辐射不稳定性。