Abstract Aiming at the problem that the amount of chemical herbicides input is continuously increasing, it may be result in the severe organic chemical pollution, and the negative influence on crop growth is also enhancing in the red soil upland of southern China. Therefore, a long-term location experiment was founded to research the effects of herbicide acetochlor on the crops growth, physiology and yield in soybean-peanut rotations in the red soil upland. The data in 2013 and 2014 indicated that the rate of emergence, number of leaves, stem diameter, plant height of peanut and soybean seedlings were declined by herbicide acetochlor with long-term application, the seedling growth was limited obviously. The root nodule number, shoot dry matter and SPAD value of peanut and soybean were significantly decreased by herbicide acetochlor at four critical growing stages. Moreover, the leaf malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activities of peanut were significantly decreased by acetochlor at four critical growth stages. As for soybean, the leaf MDA content at four critical growth stages and SOD and POD activities at seedling stage were significantly enhanced by acetochlor with long-term application, but SOD and POD and CAT activities at pods bearing stage and mature stage were significantly dropped. The yield components of peanut such as plant height, lateral branches number, 100 pods weight, shelling rate and yield were reduced under the treatment of herbicide acetochlor. The plant height, branches number, 100 grains weight, and grain yield of soybean were significantly decreased by the acetochlor treatment, but the empty pods rate was significantly increased. The annual yield in 12 years indicated that long-term acetochlor application reduced the yield of peanut and soybean, and the range of yield reduction was gradually aggravated with the increasing years of application. Compared with manual weeding, the yield decreasing range of soybean was from 5.64%–13.14% and the yield decreasing range of peanut was from 3.85%–12.49% under acetochlor treatment from 2006 to 2017.

中文翻译：

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南方红壤旱地大豆-花生轮作长期施用除草剂对作物的影响

摘要 针对化学除草剂投入量不断增加的问题，可能导致我国南方红壤高地有机化学污染严重，对作物生长的负面影响也在加剧。为此，开展了长期定位试验，研究除草剂乙草胺对红壤旱地大豆-花生轮作作物生长、生理和产量的影响。2013年和2014年的数据表明，长期施用除草剂乙草胺导致花生和大豆幼苗的出苗率、叶数、茎粗、株高下降，幼苗生长受到明显限制。根结节数，除草剂乙草胺在四个关键生长阶段显着降低了花生和大豆的茎干物质和SPAD值。此外，乙草胺在四个关键生长阶段显着降低了花生的叶片丙二醛（MDA）含量、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性。对于大豆，长期施用乙草胺显着提高了大豆4个关键生育期叶片MDA含量和苗期SOD和POD活性，但显着降低了结荚期和成熟期SOD和POD和CAT活性。除草剂乙草胺处理降低了花生的株高、侧枝数、百荚重、脱壳率和产量等产量构成因素。株高、分枝数、乙草胺处理显着降低大豆百粒重和籽粒产量，但显着提高空荚率。12年的年产量表明，长期施用乙草胺使花生和大豆减产，减产幅度随着施用年限的增加而逐渐加重。2006-2017年乙草胺处理与人工除草相比，大豆减产幅度为5.64%~13.14%，花生减产幅度为3.85%~12.49%。随着施用年限的增加，减产幅度逐渐加剧。2006-2017年乙草胺处理与人工除草相比，大豆减产幅度为5.64%~13.14%，花生减产幅度为3.85%~12.49%。随着施用年限的增加，减产幅度逐渐加剧。2006-2017年乙草胺处理与人工除草相比，大豆减产幅度为5.64%~13.14%，花生减产幅度为3.85%~12.49%。