Siberian wild rye (Elymus sibiricus L.), an allotetraploid species, is a potentially high-quality perennial forage crop native to temperate regions. We used fluorescently conjugated oligonucleotides, representing ten repetitive sequences, including 6 microsatellite repeats, two satellite repeats, and two ribosomal DNAs, to characterize E. sibiricus chromosomes, using sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization and genomic in situ hybridization assays. Our results showed that microsatellite repeats (AAG)10 or (AGG)10, satellite repeats pAs1 and pSc119.2, and ribosomal 5S rDNA and 45S rDNA are specific markers for unique chromosomes. A referable karyotype ideogram was suggested, by further polymorphism screening, across different E. sibiricus cultivars with a probe mixture of (AAG)10, Oligo-pAs1, and Oligo-pSc119.2. Chromosomal polymorphisms vary between different genomes and between different individual chromosomes. In particular, two distinct forms of chromosome E in H genome were identified in intra- and inter-populations. Here, the significance of these results, for E. sibiricus genome research and breeding, and novel approaches to improve fluorescence in situ hybridization-based karyotyping are discussed.

中文翻译：

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西伯利亚野生黑麦（Elymus sibiricus L.）的分子核型分析与寡核苷酸荧光原位杂交（FISH）探针。

西伯利亚野生黑麦（Elymus sibiricus L.）是一种异源四倍体物种，是一种潜在的优质多年生牧草作物，原生于温带地区。我们使用荧光共轭寡核苷酸，代表十个重复序列，包括6个微卫星重复序列，两个卫星重复序列和两个核糖体DNA，使用顺序荧光原位杂交和基因组原位杂交测定来表征西伯利亚cus大肠杆菌。我们的结果表明，微卫星重复序列（AAG）10或（AGG）10，卫星重复序列pAs1和pSc119.2以及核糖体5S rDNA和45S rDNA是独特染色体的特异性标记。通过进一步的多态性筛选，建议使用（AAG）10，Oligo-pAs1和Oligo-pSc19.2的探针混合物在不同的西伯利亚西伯利亚葡萄球菌品种中进行核型分析。染色体多态性在不同基因组之间以及在不同个体染色体之间变化。特别是，在群体内和群体间鉴定了H基因组中E染色体的两种不同形式。在这里，讨论了这些结果对于西伯利亚大肠杆菌基因组研究和育种的意义，以及改进基于荧光原位杂交的核型分析的新方法。