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Antibiotics in early life associate with specific gut microbiota signatures in a prospective longitudinal infant cohort
Pediatric Research ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-18 , DOI: 10.1038/s41390-020-0761-5
Katri Korpela 1 , Anne Salonen 1 , Harri Saxen 2 , Anne Nikkonen 2 , Ville Peltola 3 , Tytti Jaakkola 2 , Willem de Vos 1, 4 , Kaija-Leena Kolho 1, 2, 5, 6
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BACKGROUND The effects of antibiotics on infant gut microbiota are unclear. We hypothesized that the use of common antibiotics results in long-term aberration in gut microbiota. METHODS Antibiotic-naive infants were prospectively recruited when hospitalized because of a respiratory syncytial virus infection. Composition of fecal microbiota was compared between those receiving antibiotics during follow-up (prescribed at clinicians’ discretion because of complications such as otitis media) and those with no antibiotic exposure. Fecal sampling started on day 1, then continued at 2-day intervals during the hospital stay, and at 1, 3 and 6 months at home. RESULTS One hundred and sixty-three fecal samples from 40 patients (median age 2.3 months at baseline; 22 exposed to antibiotics) were available for microbiota analyses. A single course of amoxicillin or macrolide resulted in aberration of infant microbiota characterized by variation in the abundance of bifidobacteria, enterobacteria and clostridia, lasting for several months. Recovery from the antibiotics was associated with an increase in clostridia. Occasionally, antibiotic use resulted in microbiota profiles associated with inflammatory conditions. CONCLUSIONS Antibiotic use in infants modifies especially bifidobacterial levels. Further studies are warranted whether administration of bifidobacteria will provide health benefits by normalizing the microbiota in infants receiving antibiotics.

中文翻译:

在前瞻性纵向婴儿队列中,生命早期的抗生素与特定的肠道微生物群特征相关

背景抗生素对婴儿肠道微生物群的影响尚不清楚。我们假设使用普通抗生素会导致肠道微生物群的长期异常。方法 在因呼吸道合胞病毒感染住院时前瞻性招募未使用抗生素的婴儿。比较随访期间接受抗生素治疗的患者(由于中耳炎等并发症而由临床医生自行决定)和未使用抗生素的患者的粪便微生物群组成。粪便采样从第 1 天开始,然后在住院期间以 2 天的间隔继续进行,并在 1、3 和 6 个月时在家中进行。结果 来自 40 名患者(基线时中位年龄 2.3 个月;22 人接触抗生素)的 163 份粪便样本可用于微生物群分析。一个疗程的阿莫西林或大环内酯导致婴儿微生物群的异常,其特征是双歧杆菌、肠杆菌和梭菌的丰度变化,持续数月。从抗生素中恢复与梭菌的增加有关。有时,抗生素的使用会导致与炎症相关的微生物群特征。结论 在婴儿中使用抗生素尤其会改变双歧杆菌水平。需要进一步研究双歧杆菌是否会通过使接受抗生素的婴儿的微生物群正常化来提供健康益处。从抗生素中恢复与梭菌的增加有关。有时,抗生素的使用会导致与炎症相关的微生物群特征。结论 在婴儿中使用抗生素尤其会改变双歧杆菌水平。需要进一步研究双歧杆菌是否会通过使接受抗生素的婴儿的微生物群正常化来提供健康益处。从抗生素中恢复与梭菌的增加有关。有时,抗生素的使用会导致与炎症相关的微生物群特征。结论 在婴儿中使用抗生素尤其会改变双歧杆菌水平。需要进一步研究双歧杆菌是否会通过使接受抗生素的婴儿的微生物群正常化来提供健康益处。
更新日期:2020-01-18
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